Lead Poisoning Induced Severe Hemolytic Anemia, Basophilic Stippling, Mimicking Erythrocyte Pyrimidine 5'-nucleotidase Deficiency in Beta Thalassemia Minor

Hodorogea

et al. 2019

Clinical Case Reports

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particular etiology in a case of peripheral tetraparesis

Hodorogea

et al. 2019

Clinical Case Reports

“…Anemia is an important toxic effect arising from their toxicosis (Flora et al ., 2012; Wani et al ., 2015; Igbokwe et al ., 2019; Vianna et al ., 2019). Haemolytic anemia has been reported in intoxications with aluminium (Aggarwal et al ., 1999; Soltaninejad et al ., 2011; Arefi et al ., 2013; Malakar et al ., 2019), lead (Warang et al ., 2017) and mercury (Ribarov et al ., 1983; Maheswaram et al ., 2008; Yildirim et al ., 2012; Ekawanti et al ., 2015; Weinhouse et al ., 2017). The anemia is caused when the metallic ions induce membrane damage which predisposes the erythrocytes to intravascular hemolysis or removal from the bloodstream by phagocytes in the reticuloendothelial organs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Osmotic fragility duringin vitroerythrocyte cytotoxicity induced by aluminium chloride, lead acetate or mercuric chloride in hyposmolar sucrose media

Igbokwe

2022

Preprint

Erythrocyte death by eryptosis or erythronecrosis may induce erythrocyte shrinking or swelling with increase in osmotic resistance or fragility as indication of cytotoxicity. We investigated heterogeneous cytotoxic outcomes during in vitro exposure of goat erythrocytes to aluminium chloride, lead acetate or mercuric chloride using erythrocyte osmotic fragility (EOF) testing. The metallic salt solution (MSS) was added to 4.0 microL of high (100 mosmol/L) and low (250 mosmol/L) hyposmolar sucrose media at 0.3 or 0.4 mosmol/L concentration during testing of the osmotic fragility of 5.0 microL of blood from 10 goats. Hemolysis induced in the media (with and without MSS) was estimated in the supernatant with spectrophotometer at 540 nm. Osmotic stabilization or destabilization was calculated with probability for each test. Inducible osmotic resistance (IOR) was the ratio of mean stabilization to destabilization in both high and low hyposmolar media. Each MSS induced both osmotic resistance (stabilization) and fragility (destabilization) in varied media concentrations, with greater likelihood (P) of stabilization (0.93) or destabilization (0.77) in high or low media hyposmolarity, respectively. The EOF outcomes of the goats diverged within the group. High IOR induced by mercuric chloride (2.90) and low IOR by lead acetate (0.07) and aluminium chloride (0.04) reflected high stabilizing and destabilizing outcomes, respectively. In conclusion, MSS induced dual EOF outcomes (stabilization or destabilization) on the fragility domain, suggesting occurrence of both eryptosis (as stabilization) and erythronecrosis (as destabilization) at low exposure level, whereby biphasic, nonmonotonic or hormetic response to MSS toxic action might exist.

“…Lead poisoning is typified by a rapid decline in erythrocyte counts, hemoglobin concentration and packed cell volume, affirming anemia as a critical facet in pathogenesis of lead toxicity (Warang et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lead-induced increase in erythrocyte osmotic fragility and malondialdehyde concentration in Wistar rats: Chemo-protective effects of flavonoid mixture

Yusuf¹,

Akefe²,

Mohammed³

et al. 2018

Biochem Biotechnol Res

Lead has been affirmed as a potent toxicant impairing physiological functions and causing innumerable perturbations at cellular and tissue levels. Daflon ® 500 mg is a flavonoid fraction of Rutaceae aurantiae comprising 90% diosmin and 10% hesperidin. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of flavonoid mixture against cellular injury caused by lead-induced generation of free radicals. Forty adult male Wistar rats divided into five groups of eight animals each were used for the experiment. Group I was administered distilled water only. Group II: lead (250 mg/kg BW), group III: lead (250 mg/kg BW) followed by dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) (10 mg/kg BW), group IV: lead (250 mg/kg BW) followed by Daflon ® (100 mg/kg BW) and group V: lead (250 mg/kg BW) followed by Daflon ® (100 mg/kg BW) and DMSA (10 mg/kg BW). The xenobiotics were all administered orally. At the end of four weeks, EDTA-blood samples and serum samples were collected from the rats, and were used to evaluate changes in erythrocyte osmotic fragility and lipid peroxidation, respectively. Experimental exposure of rats to lead caused an increase in erythrocyte osmotic fragility (EOF) and lipid peroxidative changes, while administration of Daflon ® ameliorated the ensued damages. In conclusion, is plausible that the flavonoid mixture alleviated the detrimental effects of lead toxicity via its membrane stabilization, cytoprotective and osmoregulatory potentials.