Lead‐halides Perovskite Visible Light Photoredox Catalysts for Organic Synthesis

Abstract

Lead-halide perovskites has grabbed great attention in recent years due to its unique photophysical and electrical properties. It has open new window in organic solar cell application for commercial point. Research has extended its application further towards visible light photoredox catalysts for organic synthesis. Due to intrinsic redox properties, sharp absorption and emissions patterns makes lead-halide perovskites as promising photoredox catalyst. In the presence of light, perovskite absorbs light, generates electrons/holes, which can reduce or oxidize species at reactive centres of organic molecule, leads to organic transformation. Lead-halide perovskites are used as heterogeneous catalysts for small molecules activations like CO, CH 4 and NO, also suitable photocatalysts for organic bond formations, oxidations, reductions, polymerizations and dimerization transformations. Recent literatures have set another milestone for perovskite materials in organic synthesis. This review provides information on lead-halides perovskite in visible-light photoredox catalysis such as CÀ C, CÀ X (X-halo, hetero atom) bond formations CÀ H arylation.

Prospects of Z-Scheme Photocatalytic Systems Based on Metal Halide Perovskites

“…Photocatalytic Organic Synthesis Reactions: Arguably, one of the most attractive photocatalytic prospects building upon the unique physicochemical properties of MHPs and their good stability in organic media is visible-light-induced organic photosynthesis. 118 The intrinsic redox properties, as well as sharp absorption and emissions bands of MHPs can enable the targeted and specific photochemical interaction with reactive centers of organic molecules to induce a specific transformation selectively. To date, MHPs have been demonstrated to activate small molecules, such as CO, CH 4 , and NO, as well as to induce organic bond formation, oxidation, polymerization, and dimerization under irradiation (Table S6).…”

“…To date, MHPs have been demonstrated to activate small molecules, such as CO, CH 4 , and NO, as well as to induce organic bond formation, oxidation, polymerization, and dimerization under irradiation (Table S6). 118 One interesting example of halide perovskite use in organic synthesis reactions is the α-alkylation of aldehydes (Figure 7c), 108 a class of reactions established by the combination of organocatalysis and photocatalysis. 119,120 In this case, the conventional process involves molecular noble metal (Ru or Ir)-based complexes for photocatalysis, whereas the use of much simpler and cheaper CsPbBr 3 enables a 3 orders of magnitude higher catalytic turnover number.…”

“…Arguably, one of the most attractive photocatalytic prospects building upon the unique physicochemical properties of MHPs and their good stability in organic media is visible-light-induced organic photosynthesis . The intrinsic redox properties, as well as sharp absorption and emissions bands of MHPs can enable the targeted and specific photochemical interaction with reactive centers of organic molecules to induce a specific transformation selectively.…”

Metal halide perovskites for photocatalysis applications

“…Among the considered species, perovskite materials (PMs refer in particular to metal halide perovskites) are identified as the most promising photocatalysts, enabled by their fascinating physical and chemical properties. In recent years, some reviews have discussed the progress in the specific photocatalytic field using a single type of PM, 47–52 such as water-splitting using organic–inorganic hybrid PMs, degradation of dye molecules employing halide PMs, organic synthesis utilizing lead-halide PMs, and CO 2 reduction using all-inorganic PMs. However, there are few review papers on the comprehensive research and discussion about various PMs in the application of photocatalysis.…”

Modern Trends in the Applications of Perovskites for Selective Organic Transformations

“…Previous reviews on the perovskites focus on either catalytic or photocatalytic applications of these materials [18–24] . The special emphasis has been on the lead halide perovskites for the photocatalytic organic reactions.…”