Lead-free piezoelectric ceramics based on (1 − x)BNKLLT–xBCTZ binary solid solutions synthesized by the solid-state combustion technique

The Influence of the Firing Temperatures on the Phase Evolution, Microstructure, Dielectric and Strain Responses of BCTS Ceramics Prepared by the Solid State Combustion Technique

“…Interest has recently been shown in the solid state combustion technique as it can reduce the calcination temperature, produce a pure phase with nanosized particles . This is due to the reaction mechanism in the combustion process that relies on the energy released from the fuel which accelerates the chemical reaction between raw materials and also helps in reducing the reaction temperature .…”

“…Moreover, the reaction occurs in a liquid system which has a higher diffusion coefficient than a solid medium . The solid state combustion reaction technique also has the important characteristics of simplicity, relatively low cost and it usually results in products with the desired structure and composition . In this work, we report a simplified and inexpensive fabrication technique of BCTS ceramics by the solid state combustion technique.…”

“…Interest has recently been shown in the solid state combustion technique as it can reduce the calcination temperature, produce a pure phase with nanosized particles. [15][16][17] This is due to the reaction mechanism in the combustion process that relies on the energy released from the fuel which accelerates the chemical reaction between raw materials and also helps in reducing the reaction temperature. [17][18][19] When using glycine as a fuel source in the combustion reaction, it releases its energy (ΔH %À221.78 kcal mol À1 ) at its adiabatic flame temperature which is around 1248 C. [20] Moreover, the reaction occurs in a liquid system which has a higher diffusion coefficient than a solid medium.…”

“…[20] The solid state combustion reaction technique also has the important characteristics of simplicity, relatively low cost and it usually results in products with the desired structure and composition. [15][16][17][18] In this work, we report a simplified and inexpensive fabrication technique of BCTS ceramics by the solid state combustion technique. The influence of the firing temperatures on the phase evolution, morphology, and electrical properties of the BCTS was investigated.…”

Enhanced Energy Storage Properties of BNT–ST–AN Relaxor Ferroelectric Ceramics Fabrication by the Solid‐State Combustion Technique

“…[31] Moreover, during the reaction, a liquid phase is generated which has a higher diffusion coefficient than a solid medium. [29][30][31][32] The solid-state combustion technique also has the important characteristics of simplicity, and relatively low cost and it usually results in products with the desired structure and composition. [29][30][31][32] Hence, it is presumed that the synthesis of BNT-ST-AN ceramics by the solid-state combustion technique can decrease the firing temperature and dwell time, which leads to reduced evaporation of Bi þ and Na þ during the firing process and reduced oxygen vacancies, so as to improve the energy storage properties and E b .…”