“…In particular, the strategic role of plants (overseas plants) was categorized into six categories for the role of plants/factories including outpost, offshore, server, source, contributor, and lead based on the factors 1 of site competence and strategic reason for the location of overseas plants. Empirical studies subsequently examined the role of plants within global production networks based on this model 2(Blomqvist & Turkulainen, 2019;Cheng & Farooq, 2018; Feldmann & Olhager, 2013 Demeter, Szasz, & Boer, 2017;Granlund, Rosio, Bruch, & Johansson, 2019;Maritan, Brush, & Karnani, 2004;Vereecke & Dierdonck, 2002).…”