Lead and cadmium in public health in Nigeria: physicians neglect and pitfall in patient management

Orisakwe, Orish Ebere

doi:10.4103/1947-2714.127740

Cited by 58 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 71 publications

(76 reference statements)

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“…Major pollution‐caused illnesses in Japan, Itai‐itai and Minamata diseases, are caused by the heavy metals cadmium (Cd) and methylmercury. Presently, heavy metal contamination is especially serious in developing countries (Orisakwe ). Cd accumulates primarily in the kidney and liver (Jihen et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison and characterization of biosorption by Weissella viridescens MYU 205 of periodic group 12 metal ions

Kinoshita

Ohtake

Ariga

et al. 2015

Animal Science Journal

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Because heavy metals cause various health hazards, we studied biosorption by Weissella viridescens MYU 205. MYU 205 showed high biosorption for Cd (II) and Hg (II) and was low for Zn (II). The Hg (II) biosorption rate was high at about 80%. Different biosorptions were shown for each metal after successive incubation. About 20% of the Zn (II) biosorption was observed after 3 h. Cd (II) biosorption increased in a time-dependent manner until 3 h, then gradually decreased. Hg (II) was immediately sorbed at 79.6 ± 4.7% and decreased at 3 h to 52.9 ± 2.6%, and then gradually increased to 77.8 ± 3.6%. Using heat-killed cells, the rate of biosorption of Zn (II) and Cd (II) decreased whereas Hg (II) tended to increase. The metal resistance was high, that is Zn (II) > Cd (II) > Hg (II); while the affinity was opposite where MYU 205 showed high affinity to Hg (II) and low affinity to Zn (II). Our data shows lactic acid bacteria may be powerful heavy metal sorbents for detoxification.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison and characterization of biosorption by Weissella viridescens MYU 205 of periodic group 12 metal ions

Kinoshita

Ohtake

Ariga

et al. 2015

Animal Science Journal

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“…The impact of toxic metals contamination on animals result in serious economic losses, thus, there is an increasing concern about environmental pollutants emanating into the livestock production systems (Patra, Rautray, & Swarup, 2011). Cadmium (Cd) is one of these known toxic metals that is most significant in public health (Orisakwe, 2014). Cd is used in industrial processes and where regulations are lax in the disposal of Cd in used industrial products, Cd finds its way into the soil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<b>Semen traits, testicular morphometry and histopathology of cadmium-exposed rabbit bucks administered methanolic extract of <i>Phoenix dactylifera</i> fruit

Ansa¹,

Akpere²,

Imasuen³

2017

Acta Sci. Anim. Sci.

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ABSTRACT. This study evaluated the effect of Cd on some male reproductive parameters; and explored the therapeutic potentials of methanolic extract of Phoenix dactylifera (MEPD) fruit in averting such reproductive damages. 45 rabbit bucks aged 24-28 weeks and weighing 1.41-1.43 kg was used. The rabbits were assigned to 5 treatment groups (control, Cd-only, Cd + 300 mg MEPD, Cd + 600 mg MEPD and Cd + 900 mg MEPD) in a completely randomized design. The rabbits were dosed with 3 mg CdCl 2 kg -1 feed for 7 days followed by MEPD for 56 days after every 72 hours. Result of semen evaluation indicates that semen volume, motility, libido, concentration, total ejaculate, viability and morphology were significantly reduced by Cd compared to the normal control group. Testis density and epididymis length of the control rabbits were significantly different from the Cd-only exposed rabbits. Histopathological examination revealed severe testicular damage due to Cd. Indeed, treatment with MEPD significantly reversed the deleterious reproductive effects caused by Cd. In conclusion, cadmium drastically affected the testis of rabbits and treatment with MEPD alleviated some deleterious effects.Keywords: testis, sperm, heavy metal, methanol, plant extract.Características do sêmen, morfometria testicular e histopatologia de cadáveres de coelho expostos, administrado extrato metanólico de frutos de Phoenix dactylifera RESUMO. Este estudo avaliou o efeito da Cd em alguns parâmetros reprodutivos masculinos e explorou os potenciais terapêuticos de extrato metanólico de Phoenix dactylifera (MEPD), fruto na prevenção de tais danos reprodutivos. Foram utilizados 45 machos de coelho com idade entre 24-28 semanas e pesando 1,41-1,43 kg. Os coelhos foram designados a cinco grupos de tratamento (controle, Cd-apenas, Cd+300 mg MEPD, Cd+600 mg MEPD e Cd+900 mg MEPD) num delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Os coelhos foram doseados com 3 mg de CdCl2 kg -1 de alimento durante sete dias seguido por MEPD durante 56 dias após cada 72h. O resultado da avaliação do sêmen indica que o volume de sêmen, a motilidade, a libido, a concentração, a ejaculação total, a viabilidade e a morfologia foram significativamente reduzidos pelo Cd em comparação com o grupo controle normal. A densidade do testículo e o comprimento do epidídimo dos coelhos de controle foram significativamente diferentes dos coelhos expostos. O exame histopatológico revelou dano testicular grave devido ao Cd. Na verdade, o tratamento com MEPD reverteu significativamente os efeitos deletérios reprodutivos causados por Cd. Em conclusão, o cádmio afetou muito os testículos de coelhos e o tratamento com MEPD aliviou alguns efeitos deletérios.Palavras-chave: testículo, esperma, metal pesado, metanol, extrato vegetal.

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“…Environmental contamination and human exposure to heavy metals (HM) such as mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), arsenic (As) and nickel (Ni), is a serious problem throughout the world (Orisakwe, 2014). Heavy metals accumulate in the environment through emissions from industries, industrial effluents, use of leaded gasoline and paints, agricultural activities, indiscriminate disposal of municipal wastes and incineration of toxic substances (Muwanga & Barifaijo, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Kampala (Uganda) Drinking Water

Bamuwamye¹,

Ogwok²,

Tumuhairwe³

et al. 2017

JFR

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Levels of aluminium, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, mercury, manganese, nickel, lead and zinc in tap water, groundwater-fed protected spring and bottled water were determined. The cancer and non-cancer risks associated with ingestion of heavy metals (HM) were also assessed for both children and adults. Forty seven water samples obtained from five divisions of Kampala city were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Cancer and non-cancer risks were determined using incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) and non-carcinogenic hazard quotient (HQ), respectively. Lead content was higher than permissible limits (PL) according to East African Standard, World Health Organization, European Union and United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Arsenic showed minor exceedances above guideline values in tap water and groundwater-fed protected spring, whereas mercury, manganese and nickel were higher than PL. Levels of aluminium, cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, and zinc were below the PL. The lifetime risk of developing cancer through the oral route was greater than the USEPA acceptable level for both children and adults, revealing that exposure to HM in drinking water posed an unacceptable potential cancer risk. Arsenic contributed ca. 90% of the ILCR in tap water and groundwater-fed protected spring. The combined non-cancer risk of the HM expressed as hazard index (HI) was greater than one, with values for children being higher than those for adults. Lead contribution towards HI was in all cases above 90%. These results demonstrate the presence of alarming non-cancer risks for children.

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Lead and cadmium in public health in Nigeria: physicians neglect and pitfall in patient management

Cited by 58 publications

References 71 publications

Comparison and characterization of biosorption by Weissella viridescens MYU 205 of periodic group 12 metal ions

Comparison and characterization of biosorption by Weissella viridescens MYU 205 of periodic group 12 metal ions

<b>Semen traits, testicular morphometry and histopathology of cadmium-exposed rabbit bucks administered methanolic extract of <i>Phoenix dactylifera</i> fruit

Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Kampala (Uganda) Drinking Water

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