Lead Acid Battery Analysis Using Spectogram 

Abstract

Renewable energy is an alternative option that can be substituted for future energy demand. Many type of battery are used in commerce to propel portable power and this makes the task of selecting the right battery type is crucial. This paper presents the analysis of voltage charging and discharging for lead acid battery using time-frequency distribution (TFD) which is spectrogram. Spectogram technique is used to represent the signals in the time-frequency representation (TFR). The parameter of a signal such as instantaneous root mean square (RMS) voltage, direct current voltage (VDC) and alternating current voltage (VAC) are estimated from the TFR to identify the signal characteristics. This analysis, focus on lead-acid battery with nominal battery voltage of 6 and 12V and storage capacity from 5 until 50Ah. The battery is a model using MATLAB/SIMULINK and the results show that spectrogram technique is capable to identify and determine the signal characteristic of Lead Acid battery.

Battery energy storage technologies overview

“…Nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd) technology is in use for a long time in applications that require a long battery life and in difficult environmental conditions because this battery technology is cheap and robust. Nickelcadmium technology is based on cathode made from nickel oxide hydroxide and anode made from metallic cadmium while electrolyte used for Ni-Cd batteries is potassium hydroxide [24]. Cross section of the nickelcadmium battery is shown in Fig.…”

A Comparative Study on Spectrogram and S-Transform for Batteries Parameters Estimation

“…This model is capable of giving an accurate prediction of SOC, and state of discharge (SOD) of the battery. Equations of charging and discharging signals of LA, Ni-MH, and Li-ion based on ECM proposed by [16] are defined, respectively as LA and Ni-MH (1) (2) where (3) Li-ion (4) (5) where (6) where Vt is battery terminal voltage, E0 is battery constant voltage, Q is battery capacity, it is an actual battery charge, R is battery internal resistance, t is the actual battery current, K is polarization resistance, A is an exponential zone voltage, Vfull is fully charged voltage, and Vexp is exponential zone voltage. The parameters mentioned were obtained from the manufacturer datasheet except K, 3/Qexp and Vfull -Vexp should be measured from the discharge curve as in [16].…”

“…The impact of sustainable energy in modern power systems entails the use of battery in energy storage systems. However, poor battery performance not only gives an effect on the load performance, but also on the battery itself [1]. The performance of the battery can be estimated from the measurement of the storage and power capacity.…”