Leaching of Turkish Oxidized Pb–Zn Flotation Tailings by Inorganic and Organic Acids

Kaya, Muammer; Kurşunoğlu, Sait; Hussaini, Shokrullah; Gül, Erkan

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-37070-1_39

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…High copper extraction was shown in the work [28] using the leaching with different ammonium salts, which in turn requires high consumption of reagents. In the work [29], different inorganic and organic acids were used for Fe, Pb, Cu, and Zn extraction from the samples of flotation tailings. In this case, leaching at high temperatures and the use of a wide range of reagents were proposed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reserves of metals contained in flotation tailing in some sites may be estimated as significant due to the large volumes of wastes accumulated from decades of exploitation of some mineral deposits [15,17,21]. Therefore, investigations have been carried out in recent decades to estimate the possibility of metal extraction from old sulfide-containing tailings using different approaches, which include hydrometallurgical techniques (acid leaching (with sulfuric, organic, hydrochloric leaching), leaching with sodium chloride, cupric chloride, ammonium salts, different oxidants, cyanidation, column and stirred tank reactor bioleaching [2,8,18,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29], roasting [30] and flotation [3], as well as treatment of AMD formed in tailing disposal areas as source of metals [16]. The results of these studies suggest that valuable metals can be successfully extracted from these wastes and high levels of extraction can be reached, while the specific chemical and mineral composition and high iron content (in the form of pyrite and oxide minerals) result in difficulties in base metal extraction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Development of Innovated Complex Process for Treatment of Old Flotation Tailings of Copper-Zinc Sulfide Ore

Valiyev,

Bugubaeva,

Nechaeva

et al. 2024

Molecules

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The possibility of selective Cu and Zn leaching from the sample of old pyrite tailings, which is one of the most widespread types of solid waste forming during non-ferrous metal production, using sulfuric acid solutions and water was studied. It was shown that water leaching provided selective extraction of Cu and Zn and comparatively low iron ion extraction. At the same time, acid leaching provided the obtainment of pregnant solutions with high ferric ion concentration, which can be used for oxidative leaching of substandard copper concentrates. Water and acid leaching also provided increased Au recovery by cyanidation. The results suggest that acid leaching can be an effective approach for processing old flotation tailings, which allows the extraction of base metals from these wastes and treating flotation tailings for subsequent cyanidation. Effective flotation treatment methods should also provide environmental load reduction, which is caused by the long-term storage of metal-bearing wastes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Development of Innovated Complex Process for Treatment of Old Flotation Tailings of Copper-Zinc Sulfide Ore

Valiyev,

Bugubaeva,

Nechaeva

et al. 2024

Molecules

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“…They have several advantages over mineral acids, as many of these acids can be derived from natural and renewable sources such as agricultural waste, biomass, or fermentation of sugars which reduces reliance on fossil fuels and promotes a more sustainable production process [27][28][29]. In addition, these acids are also generally biodegradable, which reduces their environmental impact and potential for long-term pollution [30][31][32]. A summary of current methods that have been investigated in the literature with their advantages and disadvantages can be found below in Table 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acid-Assisted Separation of Cathodic Material from Spent Electric Vehicle Batteries for Recycling

Zorin

Song

Gastol

et al. 2023

Metals

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The recycling of lithium-ion batteries presents challenges due to the complex composition of waste streams generated by current processes. Achieving higher purity levels, particularly in the reclamation of aluminium metal and transition metal black mass, is essential for improved valorisation. In this study, we propose a high-efficiency, low-energy, and environmentally friendly method using organic acids to separate cathodic black mass from the aluminium current collector. The acids selected in this study all show >86% peeling efficiency with acetic acid showing 100% peeling efficiency of black mass from the current collector. The recovered materials were subjected to X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, and elemental analysis techniques. We show that oxalic-acid-treated material exhibited two distinct active material components with a minimal change in mass ratio compared to the untreated material. We show by elemental analysis of the leachates that the majority of critical materials were retained in the black mass and limited aluminium was leached during the process, with almost 100% of Al recovery achieved. This methodology enables the production of high-purity concentrated aluminium and critical metal feedstocks (Mn, Co, Ni, and Li) for further hydro-metallurgical processes, upcycling of the cathode material, and direct recycling. The proposed approach offers significant potential for enhancing valorization in lithium-ion battery recycling, facilitating efficient separation and optimal recovery of valuable metals.

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“…A characteristic feature of refractory ores is the complex mineralization of valuable components, significant oxidation and intergrowth of minerals, the presence of ore metals in the form of refractory minerals such as plumboyarosite, calamine, bendatite, zinc oligonite, monheimite, and others [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The practice of concentrating plants has shown that the direct processing of such ores by enrichment methods, even with the selection of the reagent regime and the improvement of enrichment schemes, does not give satisfactory results. An analysis of existing technologies for the enrichment of oxidized and mixed ores of heavy non-ferrous metals shows that more than half of the metal losses in the tailings are due to their presence in the form of oxidized compounds [3][4]. The practice of using new flotation reagents and combined schemes does not allow increasing the extraction of metals by more than 2-3%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technology of high-temperature sulfidizing roasting of oxidized lead-zinc ore in a fluidized bed furnace

Chepushtanova¹,

Merkibayev²,

Baigenzhenov³

et al. 2023

nfm

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Zinc and lead are one of the most used metals in the world. The average annual growth rate of the zinc market is about 3.5%. Half of the zinc consumed in the world is used as electroplating, more than 30% is spent on the production of zinc alloys, including for the production of brass and bronze. At present, polymetallic ores are the main raw material for the production of lead and zinc. The production technology includes flotation enrichment of the initial ore raw material with subsequent pyrometallurgical or hydrometallurgical processing of the resulting concentrates. Unfortunately, the reserves of well-enriched sulfide ores are declining, which leads to the need to involve mixed and oxidized ores in the production. Obtaining zinc is also a relatively expensive process, one of the stages of which is the roasting of zinc sulfide concentrates in a fluidized bed furnace using oxygen-enriched air blast. In this regard, technologies aimed at processing hard-to-cut oxidized lead-zinc ores, as well as improving the process of roasting in a fluidized bed, are topical and in demand today. The article presents the technology and method for processing oxidized lead-zinc ore, including high-temperature sulfidizing roasting of oxidized compounds of lead and zinc, the results of roasting carried out in the presence of a high-sulfur sulfidizing agent in the form of pyrite (sulfur content is 45.15%), at molar ratios of metal oxide to pyrite NZnO/NFeS 2 and NPbO/NFeS 2 equal to 0.1-0.14 for sulfidizing in an air-blown fluidized bed furnace at a flow rate of 10 to 20 l/min, at a temperature of 750-800 °C, with a roasting time of 30-45 minutes. As a result of sulfidizing roasting, the degree of sulfidization reaches 88%, and the subsequent extraction of zinc from the non-magnetic fraction into a froth product in an open flotation cycle is 90% with a content of 23.4% zinc.

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Leaching of Turkish Oxidized Pb–Zn Flotation Tailings by Inorganic and Organic Acids

Cited by 11 publications

References 9 publications

The Development of Innovated Complex Process for Treatment of Old Flotation Tailings of Copper-Zinc Sulfide Ore

The Development of Innovated Complex Process for Treatment of Old Flotation Tailings of Copper-Zinc Sulfide Ore

Acid-Assisted Separation of Cathodic Material from Spent Electric Vehicle Batteries for Recycling

Technology of high-temperature sulfidizing roasting of oxidized lead-zinc ore in a fluidized bed furnace

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