Leaching of Pesticides Through Normal‐Tillage and Low‐Tillage Soil—A Lysimeter Study. II. Glyphosate

Fomsgaard, Inge S.; Spliid, Niels Henrik; Felding, Gitte

doi:10.1081/pfc-120016603

Cited by 44 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Later, there were traces of both glyphosate and AMPA residues at a depth of 35-60 cm, 388 and 613 days after glyphosate application. Similar results demonstrating transport of chemicals are reported by Fomsgaard et al (2003). In their lysimeter study, residual concentrations of glyphosate and AMPA were found two years after application at depths between 70 and 90 cm.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…For instance, when the soil water content is high and heavy rainfall occurs shortly after application, macropore transport of glyphosate may take place (de Jonge et al 2000;Kjaer et al 2003). On the other hand, in a lysimeter study Fomsgaard et al (2003) found residues of glyphosate in subsoil and subsurface leachate water even two years after application, when heavy rainfall occurred after a long dry period.…”

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confidence: 93%

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Glyphosate and phosphorus leaching and residues in boreal sandy soil

et al. 2009

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Glyphosate [(N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine)] is a widely used herbicide and it is known to compete for the same sorption sites in soil as phosphorus. Persistence and losses of glyphosate were monitored in a field with low phosphorus status and possible correlation between glyphosate and phosphorus leaching losses was studied. Glyphosate and its metabolite AMPA (aminomethyl phosphonic acid) residues in soil samples were analysed after a single application in autumn. Twenty months after the application the residues of glyphosate and AMPA in the topsoil (0-25 cm) corresponded to 19% and 48%, respectively, of the applied amount of glyphosate, and traces of glyphosate and AMPA residues were detected in deeper soil layers (below 35 cm). These results indicate rather long persistence for glyphosate in boreal soils. Surface runoff and subsurface drainflow were collected continuously all year round for 20 months and analysed for glyphosate, AMPA, dissolved phosphate, total phosphorus and total suspended solids.The glyphosate concentrations in the surface runoff water were highest, with 99% of the total leaching losses obtained, during the periods of snow melting and soil thawing in the first winter following the autumn application. The total leaching of glyphosate was 5.12 g ha −1 and that of AMPA 0.48 g ha −1 , corresponding to about 0.51% and 0.07%, respectively, of the applied amount of glyphosate. No residues of glyphosate and AMPA were detected in the subsurface drainflow. The correlations between concentrations of glyphosate and dissolved orthophosphate as well as glyphosate and total phosphorus in surface runoff were significant (p<0.01).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

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confidence: 93%

Glyphosate and phosphorus leaching and residues in boreal sandy soil

et al. 2009

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“…VII). Although most of these works showed greater losses under conservation tillage Isensee et al, 1990;Masse et al, 1998;Singh et al, 2002;Weber et al, 2006), results are contrasted, some of them indicating no effect of tillage (Clay et al, 1998;Fomsgaard et al, 2003;Gaynor et al, 2000;Granovsky et al, 1993;Weed et al, 1995), or even greater losses under conventional tillage (Düring and Hummel, 1993;Gish et al, 1995;Levanon et al, 1993).…”

Section: Leachingmentioning

confidence: 80%

Tillage management effects on pesticide fate in soils. A review

Alletto

Coquet

Benoît

et al. 2010

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

163

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-Reducing tillage intensity through the implementation of conservation practices is a way to reach a more sustainable agriculture. Reducing tillage is indeed an efficient way to control soil erosion and to decrease production costs. Nonetheless, the environmental impact of reduced tillage is not well known because conservation techniques may induce strong changes in soil physicochemical properties and biological activity. Knowledge on the fate of applied pesticides under conservation practices is particularly important from this point of view. We review here the advances in the understanding, quantification and prediction of the effects of tillage on pesticide fate in soils. We found the following major points: (1) for most dissipation processes such as retention, degradation and transfer, results of pesticide behaviour studies in soils are highly variable and sometimes contradictory. This variability is partially explained by the multiplicity of processes and contributive factors, by the variety of their interactions, and by their complex temporal and spatial dynamics. In addition, the lack of a thorough description of tillage systems and sampling strategy in most reports hampers any comprehensive interpretation of this variability. (2) Implementation of conservation tillage induces an increase in organic matter content at the soil surface and its gradual decrease with depth. This, in turn, leads to an increase in pesticide retention in the topsoil layer. (3) Increasing retention of pesticides in the topsoil layer under conservation tillage decreases the availability of the pesticides for biological degradation. This competition between retention and degradation leads to a higher persistence of pesticides in soils, though this persistence can be partially compensated for by a more intensive microbial activity under conservation tillage. (4) Despite strong changes in soil physical properties under conservation tillage, pesticide transfer is more influenced by initial soil conditions and climatic conditions than by tillage. Conservation tillage systems such as no-tillage improve macropore connectivity, which in turn increases pesticide leaching. We conclude that more knowledge is needed to fully understand the temporal and spatial dynamics of pesticide in soil, especially preferential flows, in order to improve the assessment of pesticide risks, and their relation to tillage management.

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“…Two separate studies (Fomsgaard et al, 2003;Malone et al, 2004) have shown through lysimeter data a reduced risk of GPS leaching with concentrations below the drinking water limit of 0.1 g L −1 . Some authors have attributed the low rate of occurrence of glyphosate in groundwater to its rapid degradation and strong sorption on soil matrix, thus reducing (but not excluding) its risk of leaching.…”

Section: Sorption Isothermsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Sorption of Glyphosate on Soil Components: The Roles of Metal Oxides and Organic Materials

Ololade

Oladoja

Oloye

et al. 2014

Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal

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Predicting the behavior, fate, and transport potential of a herbicide in any soil involves understanding the sorption characteristics. The sorption characteristics of glyphosate (GPS) on soil and their main components were investigated, indicating that the mineral phase is more important than the organic carbon in adsorption of GPS. Sorption isotherms were determined from each component using the batch equilibrium method at various concentrations (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 mg L −1 ) and sorption affinity of GPS was approximated by the Freundlich equation. The sorption strength K f [mg kg −1 (L mg −1 ) −n ] across the various components ranged from 2.1-134.9 while the organic carbon-normalized Freundlich sorption capacity values, K foc , ranged from 1.28-3.53 mg kg −1 -OC/(mg L −1 ) n . Infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTIR) of the components showed significant structural differences. The results suggest that the presence of the oxides and hydroxides iron, in particular in soil solutions, enhanced GPS adsorption. They also suggest that reduction in OC% due to various treatments may enhance the remobilization of GPS into the aqueous phase (i.e., groundwater), though at different rates. Comparatively, contribution of surface area to the adsorption of GPS on the various components proved more significant than contents of organic carbon.

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Leaching of Pesticides Through Normal‐Tillage and Low‐Tillage Soil—A Lysimeter Study. II. Glyphosate

Cited by 44 publications

References 6 publications

Glyphosate and phosphorus leaching and residues in boreal sandy soil

Glyphosate and phosphorus leaching and residues in boreal sandy soil

Tillage management effects on pesticide fate in soils. A review

Sorption of Glyphosate on Soil Components: The Roles of Metal Oxides and Organic Materials

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