Leaching of Cementitious Materials by Pure Water and Strong Acids (HCl and HNO3)

Duchesne, Josée; Bertron, Alexandra

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-5413-3_4

Cited by 25 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The mass losses identified in the PC mixes are partly due to the dissolution of calcium hydroxide, which was no longer present after sulfuric acid attack as identified by XRD, TGA and FTIR. Calcium hydroxide is the first phase in PC to be attacked by acid and can begin to be removed at pH values below 12.5 [119]- [121]. These mass losses are also due to the dissolution of ettringite and AFm phases, such as semicarbonate, which was also observed in the PC mixes by XRD, TGA and FTIR after acid attack.…”

Section: Comparison Of Gp and Pc Materialsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Effect of slag content and activator dosage on the resistance of fly ash geopolymer binders to sulfuric acid attack

Aiken

Kwasny

Sha

et al. 2018

Cement and Concrete Research

226

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Geopolymer (GP) binders are an appealing alternative to Portland cement (PC) binders as they have the potential to reduce the CO 2 emissions associated with the cement and concrete industry. However, their durability in aggressive environments needs thorough examination if they are to become a viable alternative to traditional Portland cement (PC) materials. This study investigated the effect of increasing slag content and activator dosage on the sulfuric acid resistance of fly ash GP binders. Their performance was also compared with that of neat PC mixes using various physical and microstructural techniques. The results show that increasing the slag content of fly ash GPs decreases porosity, but makes the reaction products more susceptible to sulfuric acid attack. It was also found that increasing the alkaline activator dosage of fly ash GPs has little impact on sulfuric acid resistance. Finally, GP binders displayed superior sulfuric acid resistance than their PC counterparts.

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Section: Comparison Of Gp and Pc Materialsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Effect of slag content and activator dosage on the resistance of fly ash geopolymer binders to sulfuric acid attack

Aiken

Kwasny

Sha

et al. 2018

Cement and Concrete Research

226

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“…7 and 8) as the pH decreases from the core of the matrix (pH 12-13) to the outer layer in contact with the biofilm (pH 7 or lower). There was no ettringite left in zone 3, which means that the pH was lower than 10.6 (Duchesne and Bertron, 2013), and calcite precipitated in zones 3 and 4, indicating preferential pH conditions between 8.5 and 9.5 (Tai et al, 2006;Ruiz-Agudo et al, 2011). Finally, it is not known whether this precipitation has a protective effect on the cement matrix through the creation of a diffusion barrier.…”

Section: Phosphorus Enrichment In the Cement Matrixmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of cementitious material deterioration in biogas digester

Voegel¹,

Bertron²,

Erable³

2016

Science of The Total Environment

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Digesters produce biogas from organic wastes through anaerobic digestion processes. These digesters, often made of concrete, suffer severe premature deterioration caused mainly by the presence of fermentative microorganisms producing metabolites that are aggressive towards cementitious materials. To clarify the degradation mechanisms in an anaerobic digestion medium, ordinary Portland cement paste specimens were immersed in the liquid fraction of a running, lab-scale digester for 4weeks. The anaerobic digestion medium was a mixture of a biowaste substrate and sludge from municipal wastewater treatment plant used as a source of anaerobic bacteria. The chemical characteristics of the anaerobic digestion liquid phase were monitored over time using a pH metre, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ion chromatography (HPIC). An initial critical period of low pH in the bioreactors was observed before the pH stabilized around 8. Acetic, propionic and butyric acids were produced during the digestion with a maximum total organic acid concentration of 50mmolL(-1). The maximum ammonium content of the liquid phase was 40mmolL(-1), which was about seven times the upper limit of the highly aggressive chemical environment class (XA3) as defined by the European standard for the specification of concrete design in chemically aggressive environments (EN 206). The changes in the mineralogical, microstructural and chemical characteristics of the cement pastes exposed to the solid and liquid phase of the digesters were analysed at the end of the immersion period by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS) and electron-probe micro-analysis (EPMA). A 700-μm thick altered layer was identified in the cement paste specimens. The main biodeterioration patterns in the bioreactors' solid/liquid phase were calcium leaching and carbonation of the cement matrix.

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“…The CEM I paste showed deterioration mechanisms similar to the ones encountered for acids with soluble salts and for NH 4 + attacks, with a decalcification and gradual dissolution of the initial mineralogical phases (Bertron et al, 2004;Bertron and Duchesne, 2013;Duchesne and Bertron, 2013;Escadeillas, 2013). However, despite the high concentrations of VFA (maximum VFA concentrations between 1 and 3 g.L -1 at the beginning of the cycles), it appears that carbonation played an important role in the chemical and mineralogical changes of the paste.…”

Section: Cem I and Cem Iiimentioning

confidence: 66%

Insights into the local interaction mechanisms between fermenting broken maize and various binder materials for anaerobic digester structures

Giroudon

Perez

Lavigne

et al. 2021

Journal of Environmental Management

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 Cement matrices face biodeterioration but have little effect on anaerobic digestion  CH 4 production was similar in all BMP reactors (with/without binder materials)  Alkali-activated metakaolin shows a thinner chemically modified layer  Metakaolin paste impacts the digestion in terms of [NH 4 + ], biomass nature, and pH  The sessile and planktonic microbial communities are different

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Leaching of Cementitious Materials by Pure Water and Strong Acids (HCl and HNO3)

Cited by 25 publications

References 56 publications

Effect of slag content and activator dosage on the resistance of fly ash geopolymer binders to sulfuric acid attack

Effect of slag content and activator dosage on the resistance of fly ash geopolymer binders to sulfuric acid attack

Mechanisms of cementitious material deterioration in biogas digester

Insights into the local interaction mechanisms between fermenting broken maize and various binder materials for anaerobic digester structures

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