Leaching of brominated flame retardants from TV housing plastics in the presence of dissolved humic matter

Choi, Ki–In; Lee, Suk-Hui; Osako, Masahiro

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.08.030

Cited by 121 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Until now, measured octanol-water partition coefficient (K OW ) values were available for a few BDE congeners only [13,14]; thus a regression analysis (Fig. S2) based on the method of Puzyn et al [15] was conducted to estimate K OW values for the target BDE congeners, which is detailed in the Supplemental Data, with the results being presented in Table S1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sorption of PBDE in low‐density polyethylene film: Implications for bioavailability of BDE‐209

Bao

You

Zeng

2011

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Abstract-The coefficients of partitioning (K pew ) between low-density polyethylene (LDPE) film (50-mm thickness) and water for 23 polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) congeners were determined based on a regression analysis of sorption kinetics over an extended exposure period (up to 365 d). A curvilinear relationship between log K pew and log K OW (octanol-water partition coefficient) was obtained for the target BDE congeners with the turning point at log K OW approximately 8. Previously obtained dietary uptake efficiencies of BDE congeners in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) were also found to relate curvilinearly to log K OW . In addition, fieldmeasured relative abundances of BDE-209 compiled from previous investigations conducted in the Pearl River Delta of South China were significantly ( p < 0.001) higher in abiotic samples (n ¼ 79 from 11 matrices) than in biotic samples (n ¼ 73 from 12 matrices), suggesting the likelihood for reduced bioavailability of BDE-209 in certain biota. Finally, a molecular-scale analysis indicated that the curvilinear relationship between log K pew and log K OW can be attributed to the energy barrier that a molecule has to overcome as it attempts to diffuse into the LDPE structure, which can become significant for larger molecules. Similarly, the reduced bioavailability of BDE-209 in many biological species can be regarded as a reflection of the magnitude of molecular interactions between cell membranes and

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sorption of PBDE in low‐density polyethylene film: Implications for bioavailability of BDE‐209

Bao

You

Zeng

2011

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…Currently, 96% of electrical and electronic plastics are either dumped in landfills or incinerated without energy recovery [6]. Nevertheless, neither of the foregoing treatments are environmental benign approach since BFRs could be leached out in landfill [7] or formation of more toxic substances such as polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans (PBDD/Fs) during combustion [8]. Development of removal method of BFRs and recycling processes of plastic from e-wastes is urgently desired, which also meet the requirement of European Union's Directive on Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of brominated flame retardant in computer housing plastic by supercritical fluids

Wang

Zhang

2012

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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“…Choi et al 17 observed that BFRs from plastic TV moldings leach to a greater extent in the presence of dissolved humic matter, suggesting that the organic matter in landfill leachate might increase BFR mobility. Osako et al 192 documented the presence of several BFR chemicals in landfill leachate and observed a positive relationship with the amount of organic matter in the landfill; in the presence of greater organic matter concentrations, greater BFR concentrations were observed.…”

Section: Engineered Land Disposal Of Weeementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have reported measured concentrations of flame retardants in WEEE plastics. 9,[17][18][19] Table 9 summarizes measured concentrations of major flame retardant compounds and PCBs in WEEE components. TV housings can contain a relatively large mass of flame retardant (upward of 10%).…”

Section: Chemical Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PCBs may be present in older devices in several different locations (e.g., capacitors, plastic cables). 10,17 The most heavily researched class of organic chemicals in WEEE is flame retardants. Flame retardants are added to plastic casings, PWBs, and other plastic components to provide properties that inhibit or resist the spread of fire.…”

Section: Chemical Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental Issues and Management Strategies for Waste Electronic and Electrical Equipment

Townsend

2011

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Issues surrounding the impact and management of discarded or waste electronic and electrical equipment (WEEE) have received increasing attention in recent years. This attention stems from the growing quantity and diversity of electronic and electrical equipment (EEE) used by modern society, the increasingly rapid turnover of EEE with the accompanying burden on the waste stream, and the occurrence of toxic chemicals in many EEE components that can pose a risk to human and environmental health if improperly managed. In addition, public awareness of the WEEE or "e-waste" dilemma has grown in light of popular press features on events such as the transition to digital television and the exportation of WEEE from the United States and other developed countries to Africa, China, and India, where WEEE has often not been managed in a safe manner (e.g., processed with proper safety precautions, disposed of in a sanitary landfill, combusted with proper air quality procedures). This paper critically reviews current published information on the subject of WEEE. The definition, magnitude, and characteristics of this waste stream are summarized, including a detailed review of the chemicals of concern associated with different components and how this has changed and continues to evolve over time. Current and evolving management practices are described (e.g., reuse, recycling, incineration, landfilling). This review discusses the role of regulation and policies developed by governments, institutions, and product manufacturers and how these initiatives are shaping current and future management practices.

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Leaching of brominated flame retardants from TV housing plastics in the presence of dissolved humic matter

Cited by 121 publications

References 29 publications

Sorption of PBDE in low‐density polyethylene film: Implications for bioavailability of BDE‐209

Sorption of PBDE in low‐density polyethylene film: Implications for bioavailability of BDE‐209

Degradation of brominated flame retardant in computer housing plastic by supercritical fluids

Environmental Issues and Management Strategies for Waste Electronic and Electrical Equipment

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