Leaching of a Mixture of Hexazinone, Sulfometuron-Methyl, and Diuron Applied to Soils of Contrasting Textures

Mendes, Kássio Ferreira; Inoue, Miriam Hiroko; Goulart, Michael Ortigara; Pimpinato, Rodrigo Floriano; Tornisielo, Valdemar Luiz

doi:10.1007/s11270-016-2954-4

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In general, radioactivity of hexazinone was found at different depths, with higher herbicide concentration (<39%) in the 0.15-0.25 m layer for all soils (Figure 3), indicating significant leaching of this herbicide in soil profile, as also reported by Mendes et al (2016) and Reis et al (2017). Roy et al (1989), who studied the behavior of hexazinone in clay soils, also reported high herbicide concentrations in the first 0.15 m of soil (approximately 98%).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

“…The behavior of diuron in soil can be attributed to low water solubility (35.6 mg L -1 at 20 o C) (PPDB, 2017) and to high sorption coefficient, K d = 14.3 mL g -1 in Brazilian soils (Dores et al, 2013) of this herbicide. Mendes et al (2016) found that diuron was detected only in the superficial layer (0-0.05 m) of two soils, Alfisol -Paleudult (pH = 6.4, OC = 1.80%, and clay = 37.6%) and Ultisol -Typic Hapludalf (pH = 6.9, OC = 0.52%, and clay = 15.1%).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…However, in their studies, Savage (1976), Peter and Weber (1985) found that metribuzin leaching was also influenced by sand, clay and soil OC content. Therefore, as previously described by Mendes et al (2016), recommendations for the use of herbicides for weed management in areas cultivated with sugarcane without prior knowledge of the physico-chemical properties of the soil can result in inefficient control of weeds and possible contamination of groundwater and surface water.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Leaching of Herbicides Commonly Applied to Sugarcane in Five Agricultural Soils

et al. 2019

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Leaching intensity depends on the physicochemical properties of soils and herbicides. Consequently, a good understanding of this process is essential to determine mitigation measures to reduce or eliminate the risk of water contamination around areas with sugarcane crops. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the leaching of ametryn, diuron, hexazinone, and metribuzin by using columns in five soils with different physicochemical properties cultivated with sugarcane. The radiolabeled herbicides with 14 C were evaluated at six soil depths (0-0.05, 0.05-0.10, 0.10-0.15, 0.15-0.20, 0.20-0.25, and 0.25-0.30 m) and in the leachate after 200 mm rainfall simulation for 48 h. Herbicide leaching was mostly affected by soil type. Ametryn and diuron were reported in the highest amount (>87%) on the topsoil (0-0.05 m), which was indicative of the low leaching of these two herbicides in the soil profile. Thus, these herbicides can contaminate surface water by runoff. Leachate percentage was always <0.3% for ametryn, diuron, and metribuzin; this was also the case for hexazinone in two out of the five soils. Hexazinone proved to be a potential contaminant of groundwater and metribuzin presented high leaching in the soil profile. Previous knowledge of the physico-chemical properties of soils cultivated with sugarcane is essential to recommend the use of these herbicides in weed management.Keywords: soil behavior, pre-emergent, leachate, mobility. RESUMO -A intensidade da lixiviação depende das propriedades físico-químicasdos solos e dos herbicidas. Consequentemente, uma boa compreensão desse processo é essencial para a determinação de medidas de mitigação para reduzir ou eliminar o risco de contaminação de águas próximas às áreas cultivadas com cana-de-açúcar. Portanto, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a lixiviação de ametryn, diuron, hexazinone e metribuzin usando colunas de cinco solos cultivados com cana-deaçúcar. Os herbicidas radiomarcados com 14 C foram avaliados em seis profundidades do solo (0-0,05; 0,05-0,10; 0,10-0,15; 0,15-0,20; 0,20-0,25; e 0,25-0,30 m) e no lixiviado após uma simulação de 200 mm de chuva por 48 horas. A lixiviação dos herbicidas foi principalmente afetada pelo tipo de solo. Ametryn e diuron foram encontrados em maior quantidade (>87%) na camada superficial do solo (0-0,05 m), mostrando a baixa lixiviação desses dois herbicidas no perfil do solo; assim, esses herbicidas podem contaminar as águas superficiais por escoamento superficial. A porcentagem do lixiviado foi sempre <0,3% para ametryn, diuron e metribuzin, o que também ocorreu para o hexazinone em dois dos cinco solos. O hexazinone mostrou ser um potencial contaminante das águas subterrâneas, e o metribuzin apresentou alta lixiviação no perfil do solo. O conhecimento prévio das propriedades físico-químicas dos solos cultivados com cana-de-açúcar é essencial para recomendar o uso desses herbicidas no manejo das plantas daninhas. Palavras-chave: comportamento no solo, pré-emergente, lixiviado, mobilidade.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Leaching of Herbicides Commonly Applied to Sugarcane in Five Agricultural Soils

et al. 2019

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“…Based on the two pesticides with contrasting mobility and persistence given as examples to illustrate the approach, we conclude that worst-case groundwater scenarios are locations 42 (Sidrolândia meteorological station and Quartzarenic Neosol) for 3-m depth and 30 (Nova Andradina meteorological station and Quartzarenic Neosol) for 5-m depth (Figures 3 and 4). These results showthat Quartzarenic Neosol soil class were selected to represent worst-case groundwater exposure scenarios for both depths.These findings would be expected as Quartzarenic Neosol are well-drained soils, exhibit a high hydraulic conductivity and low water holding capacity (Sartori et al, 2005), which are important soil characteristics that enhance leaching of pesticides to groundwater (Mendes et al, 2016). Mingotiet al (2016 also concluded that Quartzarenic Neosol is one of the most vulnerable soil class to pesticide leaching in the Cerrado biome.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistically based approach to select worst-case groundwater scenarios for environmental risk assessment of pesticides in Brazil

Scorza¹,

Canesin²,

Seabra³

et al. 2018

EEC

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Exposure scenarios in combination with simulation models have been used in the procedure of Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA) of pesticides to estimate exposure concentrations in environmental compartments.The appropriate definition of exposure scenarios is primordial to guarantee ERA purpose to evaluate if a pesticide use in an intended area can be considered safe. This work had the aim to present and test a geo-and statistically based approach to define worst-case groundwater exposure scenarios for Brazil. To do so, soil-climate data of Mato Grosso do Sul state consisting of 42 locations (3 soil classes and 14 meteorological stations) were used to generate populations of Predicted Environmental Concentrations (PEC) at 3 and 5-m depth for a simulation period of 24 years. A total of 3,780 graphs were generated of PEC populations for 15 "dummy" pesticides. After setting equal risks in both dimensions (spatial and temporal) equal to 20%, the overall risks exceedance of tested worst-case groundwater exposure scenarios were about 10% for both depths. Thus, this approach can be considered suitable to guarantee a pre-defined overall risk exceedance once defined by the regulatory authorities in Brazil.

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“…Determination of the leaching rate of hexazinone in the first 30 cm of the profile of Tropical soils (Mendes et al, 2016;Reis et al, 2017) is important for understanding the sorption process in this soil layer, as reported in this study and, consequently, for evaluating the bioavailability of the product in the soil solution for better efficacy of chemical control of weeds in arable areas. (1) Mean value of each parameter, ± standard deviation of the mean (n = 2).…”

Section: Hexazinone Sorption and Soil Depthmentioning

confidence: 90%

Influence of Soil Depth on Sorption and Desorption Processes of Hexazinone

et al. 2020

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Herbicides with a high leaching capacity, such as hexazinone, tend to reach deeper soils more easily, where retention of the product affects its availability in the soil solution. Therefore, it is important to understand the behavior of hexazinone at a variety of soil depths. The objective of this research was to evaluate the sorption and desorption of hexazinone throughout the soil profile. The sorption and desorption processes of 14C-hexazinone [triazine-6-14C] at three soil depths (0-10, 10-20, and 20-30 cm) were evaluated by the equilibrium batch method, and the radioactivity of the herbicide was quantified by liquid scintillation spectrometry. Five different concentrations of hexazinone (0.12, 0.19, 0.25, 0.31, and 0.38 µg mL-1) in a methanol solvent were used. The concentrations of the herbicide in equilibrium and sorbed in the soil were adjusted by using isotherms according to the Linear, Freundlich, and Langmuir models. Hexazinone sorption at soil depths of 0-10, 10-20, and 20-30 cm showed decreasing Freundlich coefficients (Kf) with values of 0.18, 0.11, and 0.08 g (1-1/n) L1/n kg-1 (50.49, 47.58, and 46.37% sorbed), and in the desorption the Kf were 7.96, 7.93, and 9.82 g (1-1/n) L1/n kg-1 (26.17, 26.58, and 28.68% desorbed), respectively. The small difference in organic carbon content between soil depths was sufficient to affect hexazinone retention, interfering with the bioavailability of this product in the soil solution for weed control.

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Leaching of a Mixture of Hexazinone, Sulfometuron-Methyl, and Diuron Applied to Soils of Contrasting Textures

Cited by 21 publications

References 20 publications

Leaching of Herbicides Commonly Applied to Sugarcane in Five Agricultural Soils

Leaching of Herbicides Commonly Applied to Sugarcane in Five Agricultural Soils

Statistically based approach to select worst-case groundwater scenarios for environmental risk assessment of pesticides in Brazil

Influence of Soil Depth on Sorption and Desorption Processes of Hexazinone

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