“…Studies on LCA of hospital waste are relatively few. Existing studies usually focus on a specific waste type such as infectious waste (Zhao et al, 2008) or specific procedures such as disinfection (Eberle et al, 2006), or services such as infant delivery (Campion et al, 2012), surgical operations (Thiel et al, 2015), or a specific health care product such as masks (Eckelman et al, 2012), thermometers (Gavilán-García et al, 2015), sharp containers (Grimmond and Reiner, 2012), bedpans (Sørensen and Wenzel, 2014), and so on. Studies modeling an integrated system of hospital waste disposal are limited in the scientific literature.…”