LCA of Finer Sand in Concrete (5 pp)

Schuurmans, A.; Rouwette, Rob; Vonk, N.; Broers, Joris; Rijnsburger, Hester; Pietersen, H.S.

doi:10.1065/lca2004.04.154

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…The results obtained concerning the processes with a higher contribution to the final impact associated with the slabs and continuous concrete systems (cement content and transportation) are supported by Schuurmans et al (2005) who defend that cement content and truck transportation are the main contributing factors as regards concrete's environmental impacts.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Environmental optimization of concrete sidewalks in urban areas

Oliver-Solà

Josa

Rieradevall

et al. 2009

Int J Life Cycle Assess

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Background, aim, and scope New neighborhoods and cities are built in both developing and developed countries worldwide. Given this urbanization context and current global environmental threats, the concept of sustainability will, in the long term, succeed or fail in cities. To succeed, we need to provide life-cycle-based data aimed at improving the environmental performance of new urban developments and redevelopments. This study discusses the installation criteria for three specific types of sidewalk; these criteria are currently based exclusively on economic and social factors, leading to design uniformity. This study also provides a comparative life cycle assessment (LCA) of these three types of concrete sidewalks and identifies potential redesign solutions. If sidewalk design were adapted to specific usability requirements, the environmental impact factors associated with sidewalks, and therefore cities, would be significantly optimized and reduced.Materials and methods Although a wide range of materials and constructive solutions are available for sidewalk paving, this study focuses on three very common concrete-based systems with different functionalities in terms of traffic, surface characteristics, and maintenance (i.e., interlocking blocks, continuous concrete layer, and slabs set on a 10-, 12-, and 15-cm-thick concrete base). These systems are analyzed from a life cycle perspective. The impact assessment method used was CML 2 Baseline 2000; input data were provided by the City of Barcelona and other local municipal councils in Catalonia, Spain as well as by local producers.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Environmental optimization of concrete sidewalks in urban areas

Oliver-Solà

Josa

Rieradevall

et al. 2009

Int J Life Cycle Assess

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“…These material impacts determined the D2 scenario to be the least favorable environmentally due to the structural reinforcement required in the construction of the building to offset the weight of the tank located on the roof on a pillar. Regarding the concrete used in the construction of the tank and the reinforcement, the cement content and the transport of components turn out to be the major contributors to the environmental impacts of concrete construction (Shuurmans et al 2005;Oliver-Solà et al 2009). In particular, cement clinker is the component with the greatest contribution in the final impact of concrete (Josa et al 2004(Josa et al , 2007.…”

Section: Odp Htpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental analysis of rainwater harvesting infrastructures in diffuse and compact urban models of Mediterranean climate

Angrill

Farreny

Gasol

et al. 2011

Int J Life Cycle Assess

116

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Purpose At present, many urban areas in Mediterranean climates are coping with water scarcity, facing a growing water demand and a limited conventional water supply. Urban design and planning has so far largely neglected the benefits of rainwater harvesting (RWH) in the context of a sustainable management of this resource. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the most environmentally friendly strategy for rainwater utilization in Mediterranean urban environments of different densities. Materials and methods The RWH systems modeled integrate the necessary infrastructures for harvesting and using rainwater in newly constructed residential areas. Eight scenarios were defined in terms of diffuse (D) and compact (C) urban models and the tank locations ((1) underground tank, (2) below-roof tank, (3) distributed-over-roof tank, and (4) block tank). The structural and hydraulic sizing of the catchment, storage, and distribution subsystems was taken into account using an average Mediterranean rainfall, the area of the harvesting surfaces, and a constant water demand for laundry. The quantification of environmental impacts was performed through a life cycle assessment, using CML 2001 Baseline method. The necessary materials and processes were considered in each scenario according to the lifecycle stages (i.e., materials, construction, transportation, use, and deconstruction) and subsystems. Results and discussion The environmental characterization indicated that the best scenario in both urban models is the distributed-over-roof tank (D3, C3), which provided a reduction in impacts compared to the worst scenario of up to 73% in diffuse models and even higher in compact ones, 92% in the most dramatic case. The lower impacts are related to the better distribution of tank weight on the building, reducing the reinforcement requirements, and enabling energy savings. The storage subsystem and the materials stage contributed most significantly to the impacts in both urban models. In the compact density model, the underground-tank scenario (C1) presented the largest impacts in most categories due to its higher energy consumption. Additionally, more favorable environmental results were observed in compact densities than in diffuse ones for the Global Warming Potential category along with higher water efficiencies.Conclusions The implementation of one particular RWH scenario over another is not irrelevant in drought-stress environments. Selecting the most favorable scenario in the development of newly constructed residential areas provides significant savings in CO 2 emissions in comparison with retrofit strategies. Therefore, urban planning should consider the design of RWH infrastructures using environmental criteria in addition to economic, social, and technological factors, adjusting the design to the potential uses for which the rainwater is intended. Recommendations and perspectives Additional research is needed to quantify the energy savings associated with the insulation caused by using the tank distributed ov...

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“…The environmental impact of concrete with wastes or byproducts was studied by several authors (Ahlman et al, 2015;Celik et al, 2015;De Schepper et al, 2014;Dosho, 2007;Flower and Sanjayan, 2007;Ondova and Estokova, 2014;Schuurmans et al, 2005). Some studies showed that the environmental impact of concrete production is strongly related to the binder content (De Schepper et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies showed that the environmental impact of concrete production is strongly related to the binder content (De Schepper et al, 2014). The use of wastes as cement replacement allows the production of more environmentally friendly concrete (Celik et al, 2015;Ondova and Estokova, 2014;Schuurmans et al, 2005). The use of byproducts, such fly ash, leads to significant CO 2 emission reduction, reduces the disposal areas of those materials and increases the lifetime of concrete structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%