“…The excessive use of tetracyclines can lead to high residues in food of animal origin, posing a risk to human health and public health. 1 Currently, common analytical methods applied for TC detection are high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), 2,3 liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), 4,5 enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA), 6,7 microbial inhibition, [8][9][10] and spectrophotometry. 11 However, these assays usually require expensive instruments, complex sample pre-treatment, and professional operators.…”