LC-MS/MS Determination of Pesticide Residues in Fruits and Vegetables

Stachniuk, Anna

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-54528-8_82-1

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 92 publications

(158 reference statements)

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“…The occurrences of multiple residues in all the samples analyzed were likely to be a consequence of the application of different types of pesticides to protect vegetables against insect pests and diseases [1]. The incidence of multi-residue pesticide contamination in different vegetable samples has also been reported in other studies [1,15]. Pesticide residues detected in this study were similar to those detected in other studies [16,17,18,19,20,21].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Assessment of Pesticide Residues in Fresh Vegetables from Three Major Markets in Lagos Using QuEChERS Method and GC-MS

Okediran

Dauda

Kolawole

2019

IRJPAC

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The study evaluates pesticide residues in fresh vegetables from three major markets in Lagos and verified compliance of these fresh vegetables with the maximum residue levels (MRLs) as specified by Codex Alimentarius Commission. The residues were extracted by means of multi residue method based on the Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe (QuEChERS) method, Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to determine two organophosphates (dichlorvos and chlorpyrifos), two organochlorines (endosulfanII and chlorothalonil), two carbamates (carbaryl and carbofuran) and two pyrethroids(alpha-cypermethrin and lambda-cyhalothrin). Fifteen samples of five common vegetables (cabbage, lettuce, fluted pumpkin, bitter leaf and African spinach) were analyzed. The linear ranged used were 0.005, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0mg/l, resulting to r2 of ≥0.996. While the mean recoveries obtained for two fortification levels (0.1 and 0.25 ppm) in three replicates for lettuce control sample and spinach control sample were 96.7 to 104.3%, 96.3 to 101.3%, and 92.0 to 114.3% ,92.1 to102.1% respectively. A satisfactory precision of RSD<20% was recorded. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of Quantitation (LOQ) were between 0.005 -0.050 mg/kg and 0.015-0.150 mg/kg respectively. Pesticide residues detected ranges from 0.025-0.529 mg/kg. EndosulfanII, Chlorothalonil, carbaryl and Carbofuran were not detected during the entire study. However, pesticide residues detected were below the MRLs specified by Codex Alimentarius Commission.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Assessment of Pesticide Residues in Fresh Vegetables from Three Major Markets in Lagos Using QuEChERS Method and GC-MS

Okediran

Dauda

Kolawole

2019

IRJPAC

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“…leading to acute, chronic, or subchronic problems [ 7 ]. Some fruit and vegetables are at the top of the list of foods that contain the highest pesticide levels, since most of them are grown close to the soil, are eaten raw, and are without the need to remove the skin [ 8 ]. Lettuce is one of the most consumed leafy vegetables worldwide, being a basic component of raw salads prepared in domestic households.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiological and Chemical Quality of Portuguese Lettuce—Results of a Case Study

Ferreira

Lopes

Costa

et al. 2020

Foods

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In addition to environmental pollution issues, social concerns about the sustainability, safety, and quality of conventionally grown fruits and vegetables have been increasing. In order to evaluate if there were any microbiological differences between samples of organic and conventional lettuce, a wide range of parameters were tested, including pathogens and indicator organisms: the enumeration of Escherichia coli; the detection of Salmonella spp.; the detection/enumeration of Listeria monocytogenes; the enumeration of lactic acid bacteria, Pseudomonas spp. yeasts and molds, and Enterobacteriaceae. This study also evaluated the chemical safety of the lettuce samples, quantifying the nitrate concentration and 20 pesticides (14 organochlorine and 6 organophosphorus pesticides). Significant differences (p < 0.05) between the conventional and organic samples were only detected for the counts of total microorganisms at 30 °C. Pathogens were absent in all the samples. The analytical method, using the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) approach for pesticide extraction, was suitable for detecting the targeted analytes; the limit of quantification (LOQ) was between 0.6 and 1.8 µg/kg (lower than the Maximum Residue Levels (MRLs) established by EU legislation). In three organic lettuce samples, one organochlorine pesticide (α-HCH) was observed below the MRLs. For the samples analyzed and for the parameters investigated, except for the total mesophilic counts, the organic and conventional lettuces were not different.

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“…The main routes of exposure to CBZ include inhalation and consumption of contaminated water, fruits, and vegetables. 7 Several experimental studies have demonstrated that CBZ adversely affects the reproductive system and disrupts endocrine function in animals. 8,9 Recent studies have also shown that CBZ induces renal and hepatic toxicity 10,11 which can be associated with gut microbiota dysbiosis and hepatic lipid metabolism disorder.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quercetin abates induction of hepatic and renal oxidative damage, inflammation, and apoptosis in carbendazim-treated rats

Owumi

Nwozo

Najophe

2019

Toxicology Research and Application

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Exposure to the fungicide carbendazim (CBZ) has been associated with hepatorenal dysfunction. Quercetin, a naturally occurring polyphenolic phytochemical, reportedly possesses beneficial health effects. However, there is paucity of scientific information on the impact of quercetin on CBZ-induced hepatorenal damage. The present study investigated the protective mechanism of quercetin in CBZ-induced hepatic and renal damage in rats. The treatment groups consisted of control, CBZ alone (50 mg/kg), quercetin alone (20 mg/kg), and rats co-treated with CBZ and quercetin for 14 consecutive days. Quercetin co-treatment significantly (p < 0.05) abated CBZ-induced increase in biomarkers of hepatorenal damage when compared to CBZ alone. Also, quercetin abrogated CBZ-mediated decrease in antioxidant status as well as the increase in reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and lipid peroxidation in the treated rats. Furthermore, quercetin significantly suppressed CBZ-mediated increase in interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and caspase-3 activity in the liver and kidney of the rats. Histopathological examination demonstrated that the severity of CBZ-induced hepatic and renal injury was ameliorated in rats co-treated with quercetin. Taken together, quercetin-mediated hepatorenal protection in CBZ-treated rats involves antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic mechanisms.

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LC-MS/MS Determination of Pesticide Residues in Fruits and Vegetables

Cited by 9 publications

References 92 publications

Assessment of Pesticide Residues in Fresh Vegetables from Three Major Markets in Lagos Using QuEChERS Method and GC-MS

Assessment of Pesticide Residues in Fresh Vegetables from Three Major Markets in Lagos Using QuEChERS Method and GC-MS

Microbiological and Chemical Quality of Portuguese Lettuce—Results of a Case Study

Quercetin abates induction of hepatic and renal oxidative damage, inflammation, and apoptosis in carbendazim-treated rats

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