LB19. Intramuscular therapeutic immunization targeting RelMtb/MIP-3 induces immune signatures associated with better TB control in vivo compared to

Abstract

Background Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading causes of death from a single infectious agent worldwide. The lengthy treatment regimen reflects the unique ability of a subpopulation of “persister” bacteria to remain in a nonreplicating state in the infected host through various adaptive strategies, including induction of the stringent response. The key stringent response enzyme, RelMtb, is essential for long-term Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) survival under physiologically relevant stresses in vitro and in animal lungs. Recently, our group has generated a therapeutic, parenteral, relMtb DNA vaccine, which induces RelMtb-specific cellular immunity and augments the activity of the first-line drug isoniazid against active TB in mice and guinea pigs. Our group also has applied a novel vaccination strategy involving the fusion of an antigen of interest with the immature dendritic cell (iDC)-targeting chemokine MIP-3α/CCL20, which significantly enhances antigen-specific T-cell responses. We sought to determine if this iDC-targeting strategy improves the immunogenicity of the therapeutic relMtb DNA vaccine. Methods We cloned the relMtb and chemokine MIP-3α genes into the eukaryotic expression plasmid pSectag2b. We conducted an immunogenicity study using C57BL/6J mice, comparing the T-cell responses between the relMtbvs. MIP-3α/relMtb DNA intramuscular vaccination groups. Results Intramuscular administration of the DNA vaccine expressing the MIP-3α/relMtb gene fusion induced increased production of various Mtb-protective cytokines (IL-17α, IL-2, TNF-α, IFN-γ) in various mouse tissues, including the spleen, draining lymph nodes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells, relative to the vaccine expressing relMtb alone. Conclusion Intramuscular immunization with a DNA vaccine expressing relMtb/MIP-3α induces robust in vivo Mtb-protective immune signatures, suggesting this may be a promising adjunctive approach in combination with standard anti-TB therapy. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures