Layers of resistance: Understanding decision-making processes in relation to crime reporting

Hardy, Stevie-Jade

doi:10.1177/0269758019827686

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Opinber gögn lögreglu eru notuð til að draga ályktanir um algengi og eðli afbrota í samfélaginu. Þaer ályktanir eru notaðar til að meta þörf á stefnu-og lagabreytingum í löggaeslu eða til að meta áhrif af breytingum sem þegar hafa verið gerðar (Hardy 2019;Langton o.fl. 2012).…”

Section: Stjórnmál and Stjórnsýslaunclassified

“…2007;Slocum 2018). Umraeða um fjárskort og manneklu í lögreglunni getur jafnframt dregið úr trausti fólks á getu lögreglu til að bregðast við afbrotum, og því dregið úr tilkynningum án þess að tengjast viðhorfum um framkomu lögreglunnar þegar til hennar er leitað (Hardy 2019). Erlendar rannsóknir benda baeði til þess að traust til lögreglu auki líkur á tilkynningum (Boateng 2018;Goudriaan o.fl.…”

Section: Stjórnmál and Stjórnsýslaunclassified

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Ákvörðun þolenda ofbeldis að tilkynna brot til lögreglu

Valdimarsdóttir¹

2022

IRPA

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As most crimes are never reported, official police data underestimates the true extent of crimes. Decisions to report also varies between groups resulting in a systematic bias in data used to form police changes in the criminal justice system. The current research focuses on the impact that crime types, victims SES, and trust towards the police has on decisions to report. The study uses a combined dataset of victimization surveys conducted annually from 2014 to 2021 (n = 19,440). Results show that fewer victims of gender-based violence report than victims of other types of crimes. Victims’ perception of the seriousness of the violence has the strongest impact on decision to report. Young people and people in rural areas are less likely to report than other groups. The article reviews the complex relationship between trust towards the police and decisions to report violence. The findings indicate that a recent experience of violent victimization reduces trust towards the police. Reporting gender-based violence has a tendency to reduce trust towards the police but reporting other types of physical violence is associated with increased trust. The results also show that victims of serious intimate partner violence have become more likely to report to the police in recent years than before 2018.

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Section: Stjórnmál and Stjórnsýslaunclassified

Ákvörðun þolenda ofbeldis að tilkynna brot til lögreglu

Valdimarsdóttir¹

2022

IRPA

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“…These include recognition that a crime has taken place, a fear of reprisals, previous experience with the police and a normalisation or acceptance, of what is happening to them (Chakraborti et al , 2014; Wong and Christmann, 2008; Iganski, 2008). Unfortunately, hate crime reporting numbers are considered low compared to other forms of crime and decision-making in relation to reporting is continuing to create challenges for criminal justice agencies (Hardy, 2019). Consequently, there has been an increase in reporting to non-criminal justice organisations (Chakraborti et al , 2014) such as TPRs.…”

Section: Third Party Reporting Servicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…"Public more aware, of reporting and what contributes to a hate crime" "More awareness, integrate more if possible, delivery the core system" "Raise Awareness" As discussed above, most advisors did not receive any reports of hate crime over the project period (or the time they had been volunteering) and as such a correlation between awareness and reporting figures is likely. This is a pattern within TPR research as Hardy (2019) acknowledges that the utilisation of these services is low usually because victims were unaware of what TPR services can provide.…”

Section: Inadequate Hate Crime Awarenessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wong and Christmann (2008), in a study on TPR services in the UK, found that victims were more likely to report to the police than a TPR site, as they felt they would benefit from a more immediate response from the police. This is reinforced through Hardy's (2019) research which found that only 14.5% of her participants used TPR centres. Hardy conducted interviews which also documented how the majority of victims of hate crimes were not aware of what TPR was.…”

Section: Third Party Reporting Servicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluating hate crime third party reporting services: perspectives from voluntary advisors

Fitch-Bartlett

Healy²

2022

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Purpose Third party reporting (TPR) services provide a route for victims of hate crime to report their experiences to an organisation other than the police. There is repeated evidence of under-reporting of hate crimes within the UK, and many victims of hate crime are unaware of the existence of TPR mechanisms. Little research attention has been given to understanding of the merits of TPR, beyond evaluating how often they are used. This study aims to explore the delivery of TPR from an advisor perspective. Design/methodology/approach The research evaluated a small TPR centre based within a charitable organisation. The research, part of an undergraduate study, analysed the experiences of volunteer advisors working on the service through a semi-structured questionnaire. Findings Results were mixed. Findings indicated the service contributed to an enhanced awareness of hate crimes in the community; however, greater promotion of the TPR centre was advocated. The results also indicated a significant lack of understanding and knowledge by trained volunteer advisors about hate crimes. Social implications A lack of informed awareness of what hate crimes are could result in victims of hate crime not being recognised or supported as such. Originality/value Most hate crime research is victim centred, and this study is innovative in looking at those receiving hate crime reports. There is limited evidence on TPR service provision in the UK, particularly on service delivery staff, and this research contributes to the gap in knowledge.

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PROTOCOL: Mapping the scientific knowledge and approaches to defining and measuring hate crime, hate speech, and hate incidents

Vergani

Perry

Freilich

et al. 2022

Campbell Systematic Reviews

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The overall aim of the review is to map the definitions and measurement tools used to capture the whole spectrum of hate motivated behaviors, including hate crime, hate speech and hate incidents. This will benefit the field of hate studies by providing a baseline that can inform the building of cumulative knowledge and comparative research. The first review objective is to map definitions of hate crime, hate incidents, hate speech, and surrogate terms. Specific research questions underpinning this objective are: (a) How are hate crimes, hate speech and hate incidents defined in the academic, legal, policy, and programming literature?; (b) What are the concepts, parameters and criteria that qualify a behavior as being hate crime, hate incident or hate speech?; and (c) What are the most common concepts, parameters and criteria found across definitions? What are the differences between definitions and the elements they contain? The second review objective is to map the tools used to measure the prevalence of hate crime, hate incidents, hate speech, and surrogate terms. Specific research questions underpinning this objective are: (a) How are definitions operationalised to measure hate crimes, hate speech, and hate incidents?; and (b) How valid and reliable are these measures?

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Layers of resistance: Understanding decision-making processes in relation to crime reporting

Cited by 18 publications

References 44 publications

Ákvörðun þolenda ofbeldis að tilkynna brot til lögreglu

Ákvörðun þolenda ofbeldis að tilkynna brot til lögreglu

Evaluating hate crime third party reporting services: perspectives from voluntary advisors

PROTOCOL: Mapping the scientific knowledge and approaches to defining and measuring hate crime, hate speech, and hate incidents

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