Layering of contrast material in oral cholecystography

Bryk, David; Moadel, E

doi:10.1007/bf01070830

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…When a person is in the upright position, bile stratifies into layers which increase in specific gravity from the neck of the gallbladder downward to the fundus. This layering phenomenon can be visualized roentgenographically after the administration of a contrast agent because differing concentrations of opaque material are found in the various strata of bile [1]. Layering may occasionally be seen during oral cholecystography as well as during intravenous cholangiography.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Layering may occasionally be seen during oral cholecystography as well as during intravenous cholangiography. It is independent of the type of contrast agent being used and has been observed after administration of iodipamide meglumine (Cholografin, Biligrafin) [2-6, 8, 9], iopanoic acid (Telepaque) [1,9], and ipodate sodium (Oragrafin).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6) [2,9]. Bryk and Moadel [1] observed that an occasional gallbladder will exhibit layering 14 hours after the oral contrast agent is administered. It may be seen more often 2 hours after a fatty meal when the contracted gallbladder begins to refill with unopacified bile from the liver.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stratification or layering of contrast-laden bile in the gallbladder is a roentgenographic phenomenon which occurs during both oral cholecystography [1,2] and intravenous cholangiography [2 8]. In the past there were divergent views on the significance of stratification, some regarding it as a situation predisposing to the formation of gallstones and others regarding it as a normal phenomenon.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stratification in the gallbladder during intravenous cholangiography

Shaffer

Harrison

1978

Gastrointest Radiol

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The stratification (layering) phenomenon in the gallbladder is a source of errors in interpretation of intravenous cholangiography. It may mimic stones that do not exist or conceal stones that do. To avoid false-positive or false-negative interpretations, it is suggested that delayed films be taken at 4 hours in cases which demonstrate a layering phenomenon. By this time, a normal gallbladder will be homogeneously opacified and a diseased one will reveal its stones. Horizontal beam roentgenograms are mandatory for complete evaluation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stratification in the gallbladder during intravenous cholangiography

Shaffer

Harrison

1978

Gastrointest Radiol

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“…The implications of layering for the anatomic evaluation of the biliary system and for the demonstration of stones have been studied by cholecystography (I, 2, 4, 15, 22), cholegraphy (3,4,20,26,40), and also by cholangiography with emptying of the gall-bladder by cholecystokinin in connection with oral cholecystography (9, 10).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Layering Phenomenon and Boundary Formation in Radiographs

Nilson¹

1986

Acta Radiologica. Diagnosis

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In a radiographic examination using a water-soluble contrast medium this may form a layer beneath a body fluid. Between the two liquids a zone consisting of a mixture of the two liquids then forms through diffusion. This diffusion layer produces some characteristic features in the radiographic image, an analysis of which was the purpose of the model experiments performed in this investigation. In this analysis of the layering phenomenon the radiographed objects were cylindrical tubes of methyl methacrylate partly filled with water. In some cases a rod was placed concentrically in the tube. Contrast medium was layered below the water. Radiographs were produced with the tube either vertical or inclined, and with either a horizontal or a vertical projection. In the image the layer of contrast medium was visualized as a light field, and the water layer as an overlying relatively dark field. The diffusion layer was visualized as a transitional zone--the diffusion field. Distinct boundaries and Mach lines observed in the bottom field were produced by the interface between the contrast medium and the solid wall where it was touched by the roentgen rays. These boundaries continued into the diffusion field where they gradually became less visible and eventually disappeared. The upper and lower boundaries of the diffusion field were diffuse and associated with dark and light Mach bands, respectively. The upper boundary appeared to be convex upwards. In the case of the inclined model and a vertical beam the diffusion field was elliptical, with a still more diffuse transition to the fields above and below than in the case of the vertical model and a horizontal beam.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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