Layered manufacturing technologies

McMains, Sara

doi:10.1145/1064830.1064858

Cited by 31 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…1a). This occurs as unreacted functional groups on the solidified structure in the first layer polymerises with the illuminated resin in the next layer ensuring adhesion and therefore, layer formation (45). Post printing processing is usually required to further cure the final product, to improve its mechanical integrity and to polish or remove the attached supports to the fabricated object (39).…”

Section: A Stereolithographic 3d Printing (Sla)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emergence of 3D Printed Dosage Forms: Opportunities and Challenges

et al. 2016

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The recent introduction of the first FDA approved 3D-printed drug has fuelled interest in 3D printing technology, which is set to revolutionize healthcare. Since its initial use, this rapid prototyping (RP) technology has evolved to such as extent that it is currently being used in a wide range of applications including in tissue engineering, dentistry, construction, automotive and aerospace. However, in the pharmaceutical industry this technology is still in its infancy and its potential yet to be fully explored. This paper presents various 3D printing technologies such as stereolithographic, powder based, selective laser sintering, fused deposition modelling and semi-solid extrusion 3D printing. It also provides a comprehensive review of previous attempts at using 3D printing technologies on the manufacturing dosage forms with a particular focus on oral tablets. Their advantages particularly with adaptability in the pharmaceutical field have been highlighted, including design flexibility and control and manufacture which enables the preparation of dosage forms with complex designs and geometries, multiple actives and tailored release profiles. An insight into the technical challenges facing the different 3D printing technologies such as the formulation and processing parameters is provided. Light is also shed on the different regulatory challenges that need to be overcome for 3D printing to fulfil its real potential in the pharmaceutical industry.

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Section: A Stereolithographic 3d Printing (Sla)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The high porosity of structures resulting from PB 3D printing is associated with poor mechanical resistance and high friability (36,61). Furthermore, since PB 3D printing is limited by the thickness of the powder layer, achieving high resolution objects can be challenging (45).…”

Section: A Stereolithographic 3d Printing (Sla)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence of 3D Printed Dosage Forms: Opportunities and Challenges

et al. 2016

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“…It may create these features through Boolean operations or through direct boundary tweaking, which must be performed carefully to avoid creating invalid models [Raghothama89]. But it may also invoke other operations that for example fillet [Rossignac84] the concave corners for die design, grow (offset) a solid's boundary [Rossignac86] to create a crust for layered manufacturing [McMains05], compute the volume swept by a solid cutter for simulation of NC machining [Rossignac06b], or warp the solid model of an artery for surgery planning [Rossignac05b]. The challenge with procedural models is that some of the operations they support may produce solids whose boundary cannot be represented exactly in a closed mathematical form suitable for supporting algorithmic queries for downstream applications.…”

Section: Geometric Domainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid and Physical Modeling

Rossignac

2007

Wiley Encyclopedia of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

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The sections in this article are Introduction Topological Domain Geometric Domain and Representation Schemes Triangle Meshes Curved BReps Constructive Solid Geometry Parameters, Constraints, and Features Variational Geometry Morphological Transformations and Analysis Human‐Shape Interaction Conclusions

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“…As such it can be useful for applications in which both bone and cartilage require repair. Free form fabrication techniques include stereolithography (SLA) [29–31], selective laser sintering (SLS) [29–32], 3D printing (3DP) [29–33], and fused deposition modeling (FDM) [4,29–31]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trabecular scaffolds created using micro CT guided fused deposition modeling

Tellis

Szivek

Bliss

et al. 2008

Materials Science and Engineering: C

107

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Free form fabrication and high resolution imaging techniques enable the creation of biomimetic tissue engineering scaffolds. A 3D CAD model of canine trabecular bone was produced via micro CT and exported to a fused deposition modeler, to produce polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) trabeculated scaffolds and four other scaffold groups of varying pore structures. The five scaffold groups were divided into subgroups (n=6) and compression tested at two load rates (49 N/s and 294 N/s). Two groups were soaked in a 25 °C saline solution for 7 days before compression testing. Micro CT was used to compare porosity, connectivity density, and trabecular separation of each scaffold type to a canine trabecular bone sample. At 49 N/s the dry trabecular scaffolds had a compressive stiffness of 4.94±1.19 MPa, similar to the simple linear small pore scaffolds and significantly more stiff (p<0.05) than either of the complex interconnected pore scaffolds. At 294 N/s, the compressive stiffness values for all five groups roughly doubled. Soaking in saline had an insignificant effect on stiffness. The trabecular scaffolds matched bone samples in porosity; however, achieving physiologic connectivity density and trabecular separation will require further refining of scaffold processing.

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Layered manufacturing technologies

Cited by 31 publications

References 6 publications

Emergence of 3D Printed Dosage Forms: Opportunities and Challenges

Emergence of 3D Printed Dosage Forms: Opportunities and Challenges

Solid and Physical Modeling

Trabecular scaffolds created using micro CT guided fused deposition modeling

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