Layer Stripping in Magnetotellurics (MT) for Enhancement of Resistivity Change Effect in Reservoir: Equivalence Analysis

Abstract

Magnetotellurics (MT) can be applied to monitor resistivity change at depth that is for example due to fluid injection in enhanced oil recovery or CO2 storage. The observed MT data changes at the surface may be insignificant, but the effect can be enhanced using the layer stripping method, i.e. calculating MT data changes that would be observed at depth based on data from the surface. Two well-known formulas for MT 1D forward modeling were reformulated to allow for calculation of the impedance at depth based on the impedance at the surface. We applied the layer stripping technique to synthetic data associated with models that were representative of a likely CO2 storage site. We also used an equivalent model and the Monte Carlo approach to estimate the sensitivity of the method to cope with the uncertainty of the host model and the input data. The layer stripping calculation has the greatest uncertainty at short periods, where the real and imaginary parts of the complex impedance tend to be equal, i.e. an homogeneous medium response. The layer stripping technique should be used with great caution based on a relatively precise 1D host model.

Geothermal System in Parang Wedang, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

“…The Parang Wedang area can be found on the Regional Geology Map, Sheet Yogyakarta [10]. According to Bemmelen [9], the physiography of Central-South Central Java (which covers the areas of Mount Merapi, Yogyakarta, Surakarta, and the Southern Mountains) can be divided into two zones, the Solo Zone and the Southern Mountain Zone (Figure 1). The Solo Zone is part of the Central Depression Zone of Java Island.…”

“…The Southern Mountain Zone is part of the Southern Java Zone [9], whereas tectonically, it is estimated to be located in a basin between volcanic arcs. This zone stretches from Yogyakarta to the east, towards Wonosari, Wonogiri, and Pacitan, and then continues to the southern part of Malang and the Blambangan area.…”

“…However, a magnetotelluric (MT) method could provide better results in subsurface modeling. This is commonly used for geothermal exploration [8,9], but it costs more. Furthermore, the geothermal model was intended to contribute to geothermal resources in Indonesia, to be utilized either for power plants or local hot springs.…”