Layer-By-Layer: The Case for 3D Bioprinting Neurons to Create Patient-Specific Epilepsy Models

Antill-O'Brien, Natasha; Bourke, Justin L; O’Connell, Cathal

doi:10.3390/ma12193218

Cited by 33 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 200 publications

(445 reference statements)

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“… 8,11 Cellular factors influencing migration and cellular extensions such as neurites of neurons are limited as they become homogeneously dispersed throughout the medium. 9 Further alterations of intercellular connections and interactions, as well as their tissue specific architecture, can be observed, such as abnormal polarization and flattened morphology, which do not replicate the three-dimensional (3D) signaling and networking in vivo . 11–15 Consequently, 2D cell culture has failed to effectively replicate the whole extent of disease pathology, again, for neuropsychiatric and other brain disorder modeling, as well as related drug treatment effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering in vitro human neural tissue analogs by 3D bioprinting and electrostimulation

et al. 2021

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There is a fundamental need for clinically relevant, reproducible, and standardized in vitro human neural tissue models, not least of all to study heterogenic and complex human-specific neurological (such as neuropsychiatric) disorders. Construction of three-dimensional (3D) bioprinted neural tissues from native human-derived stem cells (e.g., neural stem cells) and human pluripotent stem cells (e.g., induced pluripotent) in particular is appreciably impacting research and conceivably clinical translation. Given the ability to artificially and favorably regulate a cell's survival and behavior by manipulating its biophysical environment, careful consideration of the printing technique, supporting biomaterial and specific exogenously delivered stimuli, is both required and advantageous. By doing so, there exists an opportunity, more than ever before, to engineer advanced and precise tissue analogs that closely recapitulate the morphological and functional elements of natural tissues (healthy or diseased). Importantly, the application of electrical stimulation as a method of enhancing printed tissue development in vitro , including neuritogenesis, synaptogenesis, and cellular maturation, has the added advantage of modeling both traditional and new stimulation platforms, toward improved understanding of efficacy and innovative electroceutical development and application.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering in vitro human neural tissue analogs by 3D bioprinting and electrostimulation

et al. 2021

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“…Various AM processes have considerably improved in last three decades, becoming established in the commercial market [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Each process depends on different phenomena, specific materials, and their physical and rheological characteristics [10][11][12][13][14][15]. Among the materials used for AM polymers have become a main center of interest for a wide range of applications, in addition to metals [16] and ceramics [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Searching for Rheological Conditions for FFF 3D Printing with PVC Based Flexible Compounds

et al. 2020

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Rheology is proposed as a tool to explore plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) formulations to be used in the fused filament fabrication (FFF) 3D printing process and so manufactures flexible and ductile objects by this technique. The viscoelastic origin of success/failure in FFF of these materials is investigated. The analysis of buckling of the filament is based on the ratio between compression modulus and viscosity, but for a correct approach the viscosity should be obtained under the conditions established in the nozzle. As demonstrated by small amplitude oscillatory shear (SAOS) measurements, PVC formulations have a crystallites network that provokes clogging in the nozzle. This network restricts printing conditions, because only vanishes at high temperatures, at which thermal degradation is triggered. It is observed that the analysis of the relaxation modulus G(t) is more performing than the G″/G′ ratio to get conclusions on the quality of layers welding. Models printed according to the established conditions show an excellent appearance and flexibility, marking a milestone in the route to obtain flexible objects by FFF.

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“…Alternatively, organoids can be generated on scaffolds made by biocompatible materials, which can be afterwards seeded with cells. In combination with 3D printing, such scaffolds may be designed to contain channels which would efficiently supply the necessary nutrients to the inner layers of the organoid and increase cell viability (reviewed in [37]). In addition, by employing additive manufacturing methods, favorable properties of 3D sponge or foam porous scaffolds, commonly used in tissue engineering (e.g., bone regrowth, vascularization, and extracellular matrix deposition) can be acquired (e.g., interconnected pore structure for enhanced mechanical properties, uniform tissue development, and rapid mass transport kinetics) [38,39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocompatibility of α-Al2O3 Ceramic Substrates with Human Neural Precursor Cells

Asimakopoulou

Gkekas

Kastrinaki

et al. 2020

JFB

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Background: Biocompatible materials-topography could be used for the construction of scaffolds allowing the three-dimensional (3D) organization of human stem cells into functional tissue-like structures with a defined architecture. Methods: Structural characterization of an alumina-based substrate was performed through XRD, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and wettability measurements. Biocompatibility of the substrate was assessed by measuring the proliferation and differentiation of human neural precursor stem cells (NPCs). Results: α-Al2O3 is a ceramic material with crystallite size of 40 nm; its surface consists of aggregates in the range of 8–22 μm which forms a rough surface in the microscale with 1–8 μm cavities. The non-calcined material has a surface area of 5.5 m2/gr and pore size distribution of 20 nm, which is eliminated in the calcined structure. Thus, the pore network on the surface and the body of the ceramic becomes more water proof, as indicated by wettability measurements. The alumina-based substrate supported the proliferation of human NPCs and their differentiation into functional neurons. Conclusions: Our work indicates the potential use of alumina for the construction of 3D engineered biosystems utilizing human neurons. Such systems may be useful for diagnostic purposes, drug testing, or biotechnological applications.

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Layer-By-Layer: The Case for 3D Bioprinting Neurons to Create Patient-Specific Epilepsy Models

Cited by 33 publications

References 200 publications

Engineering in vitro human neural tissue analogs by 3D bioprinting and electrostimulation

Engineering in vitro human neural tissue analogs by 3D bioprinting and electrostimulation

Searching for Rheological Conditions for FFF 3D Printing with PVC Based Flexible Compounds

Biocompatibility of α-Al2O3 Ceramic Substrates with Human Neural Precursor Cells

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