Layer by layer complex architectures based on ammonium polyphosphate, chitosan and silica on polyester-cotton blends: flammability and combustion behaviour

Abstract

Hybrid organic-inorganic coatings containing ammonium polyphosphate (APP), chitosan and silica have been deposited on polyester-cotton blends (PET-CO), exploiting the layer by layer assembly. To this aim, two different complex architectures (namely, chitosan/APP bilayers plus silica/ silica bilayers or silica/silica/chitosan/APP quadlayers) have been thoroughly investigated. The effect of their morphologies on the flame retardancy properties of the fabrics (flammability and combustion behaviour) has been assessed. More specifically, some of the above complex architectures exhibited significant enhancements concerning flammability (i.e. the suppression of afterglow, together with a considerable final residue increase) and combustion behaviour as evidenced by cone calorimeter tests. A close relationship between the overall flame retardancy properties of the blends and the level of dishomogeneity of the LbL architectures has been shown.

Materials engineering for surface-confined flame retardancy

“…The first attempt has been made by depositing complex architectures made of chitosan, ammonium polyphosphate and silica nanoparticles bearing positive or negative charge on cotton-PET blends [101]. Such coating constituents have been selected on the basis of the results achieved by silica/silica coatings and chitosan/ ammonium polyphosphate coatings described in the previous paragraphs.…”

Surface-Engineered Fire Protective Coatings for Fabrics through Sol-Gel and Layer-by-Layer Methods: An Overview

“…The first example of an LbL hybrid coating consisted of chitosan, ammonium polyphosphate, and silica nanoparticles (bearing positive or negative charges) deposited on cotton-PET blends [112]. It was found that the morphology and the physical stability of the assemblies play a key role in determining the fire performance of the treated substrates.…”

Layered double hydroxide-based fire resistant coatings for flexible polyurethane foam

“…34 Since then, researchers have developed LbL FR coatings for textiles, [34][35][36] plastic plaques, [37][38][39] and polyurethane foam (PUF) 40,41 . The coatings were constructed of synthetic and bio-based polymer binders (e.g., polyacrylic acid and DNA), 42 and have contained a wide range of fire retardants and protective residue formers (e.g., montmorillonite clay, 16,33,34 silica, [43][44][45] α-M A N U S C R I P T A C C E P T E D ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT zirconium phosphate, 46 and carbon nanotubes and nanofibers [47][48][49].…”