Layer-by-layer capsules as smart delivery systems of CeO2 nanoparticle-based theranostic agents

Abstract

Modern methods of cancer treatment include chemotherapy and radiotherapy, but they are often characterized by low efficacy and high toxicity. The effectiveness of cancer therapy is often limited by a lack of effective systems for drug delivery to the tumor site. Cerium oxide nanoparticles are able to act as radioprotectors and as radiosensitizers exhibiting selective toxicity in the tumor microenvironment, providing for their tremendous potential in treating cancer. However, methods for controlled delivery of CeO 2 nanoparticles to the tumor have not been investigated nor described yet. In this article, we consider different approaches to the development of new ceria nanoparticle-based theranostic agents. Modification of polyelectrolyte microcapsules with nano-ceria appears to be the most promising method. Our design proposals are based on the synergistic pharmacological action of ceria-based nanomaterials and anticancer pharmaceuticals with the ability to control and visualize their sites of localization.

CeO2 Nanoparticle-Containing Polymers for Biomedical Applications: A Review

“…Polymeric polyelectrolyte microcapsules are one of the most promising means for the effective controlled delivery of substances to target organs and tissues, while LbL shells are very useful for the creation of multipurpose “smart” protective and shielding coatings. In their focused paper, Popov and co-workers predicted great prospects for the use of cerium dioxide nanoparticles in polymer coatings and microcapsules produced by LbL self-assembly [ 101 ]. Modification of polyelectrolyte microcapsules with CeNPs appears to be a promising method for the design of synergistic pharmaceuticals based on ceria nanomaterials and anticancer drugs with localization and release control.…”

“…CeNPs can be introduced into the microcapsules in a variety of ways: as a component of the polyelectrolyte shell or in the internal cavity of microcapsules. The LbL method allows the integration of CeO 2 nanoparticles by replacing one of the polyelectrolyte layers [ 101 ]: bare CeNPs in solution have a positive ζ-potential and thus can replace a polycation layer during microcapsule synthesis; conversely, carboxylic (citric, polyacrylic) acids normally used for the stabilization of cerium oxide nanoparticles provide a negative ζ-potential, and these particles can be incorporated into the microcapsule shell in place of one of the polyanion layers. The experiments in vitro on B50 neuroblastoma cells confirmed nanoceria delivery into the cell, so that polymeric LbL microcapsules can be considered to be an efficient intracellular delivery system for therapeutic nanoparticles [ 102 ].…”

PVP-stabilized tungsten oxide nanoparticles inhibit proliferation of NCTC L929 mouse fibroblasts via induction of intracellular oxidative stress

“…Metal oxide-based nanomaterials are widely used in biomedical applications as radioprotectors, radiosensitizers, photosensitizers, contrast agents, etc. One of the most promising X-ray contrast agents is nanocrystalline tungsten oxide (WO 3−x ) [1][2][3][4][5]. In recent years, WO 3−x NPs have also been widely employed in antibacterial coatings or biosensors [6,7].…”

Possibility of drug delivery due to hydrogen bonds formation in nanodiamonds and doxorubicin: molecular modeling

“…Detonation nanodiamond (ND) is one of most promising materials for targeted drug delivery [1][2][3] -one of rapidly developing areas of modern chemistry, pharmacology and medicine. Wide possibilities for surface modification and advantageous dimensions make nanodiamonds very attractive objects for use in the drug delivery process.…”