Layer-by-Layer Assembled Bacterial Cellulose/Graphene Oxide Hydrogels with Extremely Enhanced Mechanical Properties

Abstract

Uniform dispersion of two-dimensional (2D) graphene materials in polymer matrices remains challenging. In this work, a novel layer-by-layer assembly strategy was developed to prepare a sophisticated nanostructure with highly dispersed 2D graphene oxide in a three-dimensional matrix consisting of one-dimensional bacterial cellulose (BC) nanofibers. This method is a breakthrough, with respect to the conventional static culture method for BC that involves multiple in situ layer-by-layer assembly steps at the interface between previously grown BC and the culture medium. In the as-prepared BC/GO nanocomposites, the GO nanosheets are mechanically bundled and chemically bonded with BC nanofibers via hydrogen bonding, forming an intriguing nanostructure. The sophisticated nanostructure of the BC/GO leads to greatly enhanced mechanical properties compared to those of bare BC. This strategy is versatile, facile, scalable, and can be promising for the development of high-performance BC-based nanocomposite hydrogels.

Submicrofiber‐Incorporated 3D Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibrous Scaffolds with Enhanced Cell Performance

“…Crystalline structure was analyzed by XRD measurement, and the results are presented in Figure a. Similar to our previous studies, BC shows three obvious peaks at 14.2, 16.6, and 22.8°, which results from the diffractions of the (), (110), and (200) planes of cellulose I . The calculated crystallinity index ( C I ) of BC is 84.4%, which is comparable to previously reported values .…”

“…To obtain BC fabric with uniform structure on the top and bottom layers, the BC pellicle was prepared by the membrane liquid interface culture (MLIC) method, as described previously . As reported in our previous work, the bacterial strain, Komagataeibacter xylinus X‐2, was used.…”

Biofabrication of a novel bacteria/bacterial cellulose composite for improved adsorption capacity

“…The morphology shown in Fig. 1b reveals a typical interconnected porous structure of BC, in line with our previous studies [10,11]. As shown in Fig.…”

“…These cell residues as well as other impurities such as organic acids, salts as well as residual sugars and other components in the culture medium should be removed. Although many methods are employed such as washing, centrifugation, filtration, and chemical extraction [4], washing BC with hot NaOH solution is the most commonly used [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. The effect of NaOH treatment on structure and mechanical properties of BC has been reported [8,12].…”

Biocompatibility evaluation of bacterial cellulose as a scaffold material for tissue-engineered corneal stroma

“…1a. Figure 1b showed the nanofibrous structure of BC membrane, consistent with our previous work (Luo et al 2018). Figure 1b also revealed that the BC membrane prepared in this work has a high transmittance of 92.7% at 700 nm wavelength.…”