Laundering procedures for removal of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid ester and amine herbicides from contaminated fabrics

Easley, C. B.; Laughlin, Joan; Gold, Roger E.; Tupy, Duane R.

doi:10.1007/bf01055004

Cited by 32 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Residues after laundering were markedly lower when the ENC formulation had been used to contaminate the fabric than when EC was the formulation. These findings are congruent with those of previous studies [4][5][6].…”

Section: Effectiveness Of Launderingsupporting

confidence: 93%

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Fabric Parameters and Pesticide Characteristics That Impact on Dermal Exposure of Applicators

Laughlin

Easley

Gold

et al. 1986

Performance of Protective Clothing

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Fabric functional finish and formulation of pesticides are factors that contribute to pesticide wicking, wetting, and penetration. Fluorocarbon soil-repellent finishes inhibit contamination of the fabric and of sentinel pads. An undergarment layer offers better protection than does a single layer. Spun-bonded olefin offers protection of the same magnitude as soil-repellent finishes. Methyl parathion residues after laundering were similar for the unfinished fabric, the durable-press finished fabric, and the soilrepellent finished fabric, but the initial contamination of the soil-repellent finished fabric was only 20% of that of the other two fabrics.

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Section: Effectiveness Of Launderingsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Current research has focused on the problems of penetration of pesticides impelled by air-blast sprayers [ 1,2], particulate matter attraction [2], and the difficulty of pesticide residue (spills) removal by laundering [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabric Parameters and Pesticide Characteristics That Impact on Dermal Exposure of Applicators

Laughlin

Easley

Gold

et al. 1986

Performance of Protective Clothing

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“…Large water volumes limit pesticide transfer to other items and to the laundering apparatus. Heavy-duty liquid detergent has been recommended as the detergent of choice in previous studies [11,12]. Additional consumer recommendations based on results of this study include the use of a renewable fluorocarbon-finished fabric and the use of a laundry pretreatment before laundering.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…A majority of studies that evaluated laundering variables included only one or two pesticides [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Based on these one or two-chemical studies, recommendations to maximize removal are being made for pesticides across the board [1][2][3].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Laundering Procedures and Functional Finishes on Removal of Insecticides Selected from Three Chemical Classes

Keaschall

Laughlin

Gold

1986

Performance of Protective Clothing

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Eleven pesticides from three chemical classes were chosen for comparison of residues after laundering. Pesticide was introduced to the fabric surface of one of three fabrics—unfinished (UN), renewable consumer applied fluorocarbon finished (RF), and commercially applied fluorocarbon finished (CM) fabric. The fabrics were laundered using one of three laundry treatments—a heavy-duty liquid detergent (HDL) alone, an HDL with a prewash spray, and an HDL with an agriculturally marketed pretreatment. Gas chromatographic analysis showed that the fluorocarbon-finished fabrics absorbed only 10% of the pesticide absorbed by the UN fabrics. Residues after laundering were significantly different both among and within classes. Although both fluorocarbon finishes reduced absorption of pesticide, they did not facilitate removal of the contaminant through laundering. Laundry additives significantly aided residue reduction.

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Zur Charakterisierung des Gefährdungspotentials von Wasserschadstoffen

Koch¹

1986

Acta hydrochim. hydrobiol.

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The danger potential of chemicals to man and environment is essentially a function of exposure and toxicity. For the exposure of ecological systems there is decisive the distribution of the particular substance in and among the hydro-, pedo-, atmo-and biospheres. Proceeding from statistical relations between different molecular structure parameters and the distribution as well as action of substances, the approximate determination of distribution parameters, sorption coefficients and bioconcentration factors is possible. By means of a discriminant analysis the substances can be assigned to given classes of toxicity and mutagenicity. Proceeding from structure-analogy models, for several substances used as examples the distribution and toxicity parameters 5re calculated and an evaluation of the danger potential for aquatic ecosystems and man is discussed.

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Laundering procedures for removal of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid ester and amine herbicides from contaminated fabrics

Cited by 32 publications

References 7 publications

Fabric Parameters and Pesticide Characteristics That Impact on Dermal Exposure of Applicators

Fabric Parameters and Pesticide Characteristics That Impact on Dermal Exposure of Applicators

Effect of Laundering Procedures and Functional Finishes on Removal of Insecticides Selected from Three Chemical Classes

Zur Charakterisierung des Gefährdungspotentials von Wasserschadstoffen

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