“…The pump-probe techniques even give rise to an additional degree of freedom, and in turn provide potential approaches to nondestructive readout in nonvolatile ferroelectric memory. The pump-probe techniques are being developed for higher temporal resolution, higher [ 42,52,72,86,88] BSTO, [ 89,90] BTO, [38] THz emission spectroscopy 𝛼-(ET) 2 I 3 , [73] TPOP TTF-CA, [51,92] LNO, [37] TPXP croconic acid, [93] OPSP THz pump SHG probe OPXP Lattice dynamics lattice vibration/ optical phonon excitation, acoustic phonon, acousto-optic conversion, ultrafast photoinduced strain, phase transition, photovoltaic response, electron-lattice coupling, electron-phonon coupling, phonon-polariton coupling, lattice-polarization coupling THz time domain spectroscopy BTO, [95,112] PZT, [ 102,103] STO, [ 40,43,68,113,114] BFO [ 53,71,82,100,101,104] OPOP LNO, [55,101] PTO, [ 94,96,115] TTF-CA, [41] Sn 2 P 2 S 6 [97] OPSP THz pump SHG probe OPXP TPOP THz emission spectroscopy Spin dynamics magnetic/spin excitation, electric-magnetic coupling, magnon-phonon coupling, electromagnon OPOP BFO, [ 81,83,105,107,108] BSTO/LCMO,…”