Lattice Boltzmann simulation of solid particles suspended in fluid

Aidun, Cyrus K.; Lu, Yannan

doi:10.1007/bf02179967

Cited by 177 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Other authors have proposed methods to remove the internal mass, e.g. Aidun & Lu (1995), Aidun et al (1998) and Heemels (1999), but these methods cannot be applied in combination with the adaptive force-field technique. Qi (1999) allows particles to have internal mass but adds a force term (similar to Aidun et al 1998) when computing the hydrodynamic force on the particle, to compensate for non-physical fluctuations in the hydrodynamic force F p that arise from nodes entering or leaving the interior of a particle.…”

Section: Internal Fluid Nodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fully resolved simulations of colliding monodisperse spheres in forced isotropic turbulence

et al. 2004

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Fully resolved simulations of particles suspended in a sustained turbulent flow field are presented. To solve the Navier-Stokes equations a lattice-Boltzmann scheme was used. A spectral forcing scheme is applied to maintain turbulent conditions at a Taylor microscale Reynolds number of 61. The simulations contained between 2 and 10 vol % particles with a solid to fluid density ratio between 1.15 and 1.73. A lubrication force is used to account for subgrid hydrodynamic interaction between approaching particles. Results are presented on the influence of the particle phase on the turbulence spectrum and on particle collisions. Energy spectra of the simulations show that the particles generate fluid motion at length scales of the order of the particle size. This results in a strong increase in the rate of energy dissipation at these length scales and a decrease of kinetic energy at larger length scales. Collisions due to uncorrelated particle motion are observed (primary collisions), and collision frequencies are in agreement with theory on inertial particle collisions. In addition to this, a large number of collisions at high frequencies is encountered. These secondary collisions are due to the correlated motion of particles resulting from shortrange hydrodynamic interactions and spatial correlation of the turbulent velocity field at short distances. This view is supported by the distribution of relative particle velocities, the particle velocity correlation functions and the particle radial distribution function. IntroductionIn industrial processes where solid materials are produced or handled, often dense slurries are processed under highly turbulent conditions. Turbulence is required to maintain the slurry suspended and well mixed. While operating under such conditions, phenomena such as breakage, agglomeration and segregation of particles can occur; these phenomena can be either desired or potential problems in the operation of these processes (Zwietering 1958;Wibowo & Ng 2001).One specific example is industrial crystallization, which deals with the production of solid crystals from a supersaturated liquid. The crystal suspension typically contains between 5 and 20 vol % solids with an average particle size in the range of 100 to 1000 µm, and with a solid to liquid density ratio in the range of 1 to 2.5. The Kolmogorov length scale typically is one order of magnitude smaller than the mean crystal size (Ten Cate et al. 2001). Under the action of the turbulent flow field, agglomeration (Hollander et al. 2001), abrasion, and fracture (Gahn & Mersmann 234 A. Ten Cate, J. J. Derksen, L. M. Portela and H. E. A. Van den Akker 1999) take place. These phenomena have a strong influence on the performance of the crystallization process and hence on the resulting product, and make scale-up a non-trivial exercise.In this paper we study turbulent solid-liquid suspensions under conditions that are comparable to those encountered in industrial crystallization processes (i.e. d p > η, where d p is the particle diameter and η th...

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Section: Internal Fluid Nodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fully resolved simulations of colliding monodisperse spheres in forced isotropic turbulence

et al. 2004

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“…Although this is a fair approximation for systems with large solid-fluid density ratios, for solid particles in liquid with a density ratio typically between 1 and 2, numerical instabilities can occur when integrating the equation of motion. Other authors 12,27,28 have proposed methods to remove the internal mass, but this cannot be done for the adaptive forcefield technique. Qi 11 proposes to compensate the hydrodynamic force F p for contribution from nodes entering or leaving the interior of a particle, which is comparable to our approach.…”

Section: B Internal Massmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particle imaging velocimetry experiments and lattice-Boltzmann simulations on a single sphere settling under gravity

et al. 2002

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A comparison is made between experiments and simulations on a single sphere settling in silicon oil in a box. Cross-correlation particle imaging velocimetry measurements were carried out at particle Reynolds numbers ranging from 1.5 to 31.9. The particle Stokes number varied from 0.2 to 4 and at bottom impact no rebound was observed. Detailed data of the flow field induced by the settling sphere were obtained, along with time series of the sphere's trajectory and velocity during acceleration, steady fall and deceleration at bottom approach. Lattice-Boltzmann simulations prove to capture the full transient behavior of both the sphere motion and the fluid motion. The experimental data were used to assess the effect of spatial resolution in the simulations over a range of 2-8 grid nodes per sphere radius. The quality of the flow field predictions depends on the Reynolds number. When the sphere is very close to the bottom of the container, lubrication theory has been applied to compensate for the lack of spatial resolution in the simulations.

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“…We have used a method based on the original descriptions by Ladd [36], [37], in which the interaction between lattice fluid and Lagrangian particles is realized via the lattice representation of the particle. Similar methods [38], [39], [40], as well as methods based on different fluid-solid interaction approaches, exist [43] (see [41] for a review). Velocity dependent no-slip boundary conditions are then applied to the fluid at links between lattice nodes that intersect with the particle's surface.…”

Section: Simulations Of Fully Resolved Suspensionsmentioning

confidence: 99%