Latterens logik i Madonnas maskerade

Lundquist, Jan

doi:10.7146/kok.v26i86.20973

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“…With sufficient stability, the turbulence may become highly intermittent (Howell and Sun 1999;Moraes et al 2004;Salmond 2005) and the characteristics of such intermittency vary spatially even over surfaces that would be considered relatively homogeneous for daytime convective conditions (Coulter and Doran 2002;Nakamura and Mahrt 2005a). Elevated turbulence can be generated by shear associated with low-level jets (Smedman 1988;Cuxart et al 2000;Banta et al 2002;Lundquist 2003) and gravity waves (Forrer and Rotach 1997;Chimonas 1999), or triggered by passage of density currents . As a result, the turbulence variances and fluxes often increase with height above the surface so that a surface-based nocturnal boundary layer is difficult to define (Vickers and Mahrt 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertically integrated sensible‐heat budgets for stable nocturnal boundary layers

Nakamura

Mahrt

2006

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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SUMMARYThe stable nocturnal boundary layer is commonly viewed or modelled as a balance between the temperature tendency (cooling) and vertical heat-flux divergence. Sometimes the radiative-flux divergence is also included. This perspective has dictated the design of field experiments for investigating stable nocturnal boundary layers.Tower-based micrometeorological data from three field campaigns are analysed to evaluate the vertically integrated sensible-heat budget for nocturnal stable conditions. Our analysis indicates frequent occurrence of large imbalance between the temperature tendency and vertical heat-flux divergence terms. The values of the radiative-flux divergence are generally too small and sometimes of the wrong sign to explain the residual. An analysis of random flux errors and uncertainties in the tendency term indicate that such errors cannot explain large imbalances, suggesting the importance of advection of temperature or possibly the divergence of mesoscale fluxes. The implied role of advection is consistent with circumstantial evidence. Even weak surface heterogeneity can create significant horizontal gradients in stable boundary layers. However, it is shown that existing field data and observational strategy do not allow adequate evaluation of advection and mesoscale flux divergence terms.

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