Latitudinal variation in photoperiodic response of the three‐spined stickleback<i>Gasterosteus aculeatus</i>in western North America

Yeates‐Burghart, Q. S.; O’Brien, Conor S; Cresko, William A.; Holzapfel, Christina; Bradshaw, William E.

doi:10.1111/j.1095-8649.2009.02418.x

Cited by 13 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Crosses were made via in vitro fertilization using established laboratory procedures, and then the fish were reared under standard laboratory conditions [64, stickleback.uoregon.edu/index.php/Crossing_and_Rearing_Protocols ]. Experimental fish were reared to adulthood at 20°C on a non-stimulatory 10L:14D photoperiod cycle for 11 – 12 months (L:D = Light:Dark).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This long-day regimen was chosen because it is the shortest photoperiod at which phenotypic indicators of sexual maturation in threespine stickleback plateau [64]. We used the males exclusively for all of the following experiments.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The threespine stickleback is a small teleost fish with a wide latitudinal and environmental range that uses photoperiod to initiate sexual maturation [6, 9, 31, 64]. Like birds [23, 45] and other fishes [8], recent research indicates that reception of light related to photoperiodism is most likely extraretinal and extrapineal [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conservation of the photoperiodic neuroendocrine axis among vertebrates: Evidence from the teleost fish, Gasterosteus aculeatus

O’Brien

Bourdo

Bradshaw

et al. 2012

General and Comparative Endocrinology

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Photoperiod, or length of day, has a predictable annual cycle, making it an important cue for the timing of seasonal behavior and development in many organisms. Photoperiod is widely used among temperate and polar animals to regulate the timing of sexual maturation. The proper sensing and interpretation of photoperiod can be tightly tied to an organism’s overall fitness. In photoperiodic mammals and birds the thyroid hormone pathway initiates sexual maturation, but the degree to which this pathway is conserved across other vertebrates is not well known. We use the threespine stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus, as a representative teleost to quantify the photoperiodic response of key genes in the thyroid hormone pathway under controlled laboratory conditions. We find that the photoperiodic responses of the hormones are largely consistent amongst multiple populations, although differences suggest physiological adaptation to various climates. We conclude that the thyroid hormone pathway initiates sexual maturation in response to photoperiod in G. aculeatus, and our results show that more components of this pathway are conserved among mammals, birds, and teleost fish than was previously known. However, additional endocrinology, cell biology and molecular research will be required to define precisely which aspects of the pathway are conserved across vertebrates.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conservation of the photoperiodic neuroendocrine axis among vertebrates: Evidence from the teleost fish, Gasterosteus aculeatus

O’Brien

Bourdo

Bradshaw

et al. 2012

General and Comparative Endocrinology

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“…Specialization strategies focus on continuing energy acquisition during winter (Hölker et al 2004;Finstad et al 2010). Reproductive strategies focus on timing reproduction to ensure effective access by larvae to the summer production pulse (Yeates-Burghart et al 2009;Migaud et al 2010;Pörtner and Peck 2010). Toleration and specialization strategies are of particular importance for juvenile fish since they typically experience higher winter mortality risk because of their higher mass specific metabolic rates and lower lipid storage capacities (Ultsch 1989;Shuter and Post 1990).…”

Section: Dealing With Winter: Strategies For Survival and Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Trends of this sort have been noted in marine species (Conover et al 2005) and might be expected to be stronger in freshwater limnetic species, where the constraints on gene flow imposed by watershed isolation should favour local adaptation. Indeed, examples of local adaptation in both storage and reproductive strategies are evident in the recent literature (Yeates-Burghart et al 2009;Finstad et al 2010;Berg et al 2011). However, there are limits to the effectiveness of some strategies.…”

Section: Units For All Box Plots Are°cmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of winter phenology in shaping the ecology of freshwater fish and their sensitivities to climate change

et al. 2012

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Thermal preference and performance provide the physiological frame within which fish species seek strategies to cope with the challenges raised by the low temperatures and low levels of oxygen and food that characterize winter. There are two common coping strategies: active utilization of winter conditions or simple toleration of winter conditions. The former is typical of winter specialist species with low preferred temperatures, and the latter is typical of species with higher preferred temperatures. Reproductive strategies are embodied in the phenology of spawning: the approach of winter conditions cues reproductive activity in many coldwater fish species, while the departure of winter conditions cues reproduction in many cool and warmwater fish species. This cuing system promotes temporal partitioning of the food resources available to young-of-year fish and thus supports high diversity in freshwater fish communities. If the zoogeographic distribution of a species covers a broad range of winter conditions, local populations may exhibit differences in their winter survival strategies that reflect adaptation to local conditions. Extreme winter specialists are found in shallow eutrophic lakes where long periods of ice cover cause winter oxygen levels to drop to levels that are lethal to many fish. The fish communities of these lakes are simple and composed of species that exhibit specialized adaptations for extended tolerance of very low temperatures and oxygen levels. Zoogeographic boundaries for some species may be positioned at points on the landscape where the severity of winter overwhelms the species' repertoire of winter survival strategies. Freshwater fish communities are vulnerable to many of the shifts in environmental conditions expected with climate change. Temperate and northern communities are particularly vulnerable since the repertoires of physiological and behavioural strategies that characterize many of their members have been shaped by the adverse environmental conditions (e.g. cool short summers, long cold winters) that climate change is expected to mitigate. The responses of these strategies to the rapid relaxation of the adversities that shaped them will play a significant role in the overall responses of these fish populations and their communities to climate change.

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Differences in the metabolic response to temperature acclimation in nine‐spined stickleback (Pungitius pungitius) populations from contrasting thermal environments

et al. 2014

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Metabolic responses to temperature changes are crucial for maintaining the energy balance of an individual under seasonal temperature fluctuations. To understand how such responses differ in recently isolated populations (<11,000 years), we studied four Baltic populations of the nine-spined stickleback (Pungitius pungitius L.) from coastal locations (seasonal temperature range, 0-29°C) and from colder, more thermally stable spring-fed ponds (1-19°C). Salinity and predation pressure also differed between these locations. We acclimatized wild-caught fish to 6, 11, and 19°C in common garden conditions for 4-6 months and determined their aerobic scope and hepatosomatic index (HSI). The freshwater fish from the colder (2-14°C), predator-free pond population exhibited complete temperature compensation for their aerobic scope, whereas the coastal populations underwent metabolic rate reduction during the cold treatment. Coastal populations had higher HSI than the colder pond population at all temperatures, with cold acclimation accentuating this effect. The metabolic rates and HSI for freshwater fish from the pond with higher predation pressure were more similar to those of the coastal ones. Our results suggest that ontogenic effects and/or genetic differentiation are responsible for differential energy storage and metabolic responses between these populations. This work demonstrates the metabolic versatility of the nine-spined stickleback and the pertinence of an energetic framework to better understand potential local adaptations. It also demonstrates that instead of using a single acclimation temperature thermal reaction norms should be compared when studying individuals originating from different thermal environments in a common garden setting.

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Latitudinal variation in photoperiodic response of the three‐spined sticklebackGasterosteus aculeatusin western North America

Cited by 13 publications

References 28 publications

Conservation of the photoperiodic neuroendocrine axis among vertebrates: Evidence from the teleost fish, Gasterosteus aculeatus

Conservation of the photoperiodic neuroendocrine axis among vertebrates: Evidence from the teleost fish, Gasterosteus aculeatus

The role of winter phenology in shaping the ecology of freshwater fish and their sensitivities to climate change

Differences in the metabolic response to temperature acclimation in nine‐spined stickleback (Pungitius pungitius) populations from contrasting thermal environments

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