Latitudinal differentiated water table control of carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide fluxes from hydromorphic soils: feedbacks to climate change

Jungkunst, Hermann F.; Fiedler, Sabine

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01459.x

Cited by 131 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 56 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Hydrologic factors like water level fluctuations and water chemistry largely regulate the development of peatland plant communities (Glaser et al 1990). They also control the accumulation and decomposition of peat and consequently the fluxes of C as CO2, CH4 and DOC in peatlands (Moore and Knowles 1989, Tranvik and Jansson 2002, Holden 2005, Jungkunst and Fiedler 2007. On the other hand, changes in these important peatland ecosystem functions are closely related to the characteristics of peatland plant communities (Ward et al 2013).…”

Section: Degradation and Restoration Of Peatland Ecosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fighting carbon loss of degraded peatlands by jump-starting ecosystem functioning with ecological restoration

Kareksela

Haapalehto

Juutinen

et al. 2015

Science of The Total Environment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Esitetään Jyväskylän yliopiston matemaattis-luonnontieteellisen tiedekunnan suostumuksella julkisesti tarkastettavaksi yliopiston vanhassa juhlasalissa S212 maaliskuun 28. päivänä 2014 kello 12.Academic dissertation to be publicly discussed, by permission of the Faculty of Mathematics and Science of the University of Jyväskylä, in building Seminarium, auditorium S212, on March 28, 2014 at 12 o'clock noon. The wide and rapidly increasing human land use has caused extensive degradation of natural landscapes, extinctions of species and loss of ecosystem functions and services. Subsequently, ecological restoration has been raised to a major global strategy for safeguarding ecosystem values. However, concerns have been raised on the real potential of restoration to re-establish ecosystem structures and functions. Here, I studied the effects of ecological restoration on the structure and functions of forestry drained boreal peatland ecosystems in southern Finland. To better understand structural and functional changes, the effects of drainage and restoration on water table level, pore water chemistry and peat chemistry were explored as well. Drainage lowered the water table and induced changes in pore water chemistry and plant community composition. Drainage retarded the accumulation of surface peat and resulted in significant reduction in the sequestration of carbon therein. Re-establishment of water table level and significant recovery of pore water and surface peat chemistry were observed after restoration. Restoration induced the recovery of ecosystem structure i.e. plant community composition towards the target. The recovery was dependent on the within-site degree of ecosystem degradation. The original ecosystem structure was not needed for the re-establishment of important peatland ecosystem functionality in terms of surface peat accumulation. However, a more profound recovery of structure and conditions may be needed for some other functions like surface peat carbon sequestration to recover. Overall, my results are promising from the perspective of restoration. However, they highlight the need for patience in drawing conclusions on the effectiveness of restoration. Practitioners should also be prepared for temporarily increased leaching of nutrients into downstream water courses. UNIVERSITY

show abstract

Section: Degradation and Restoration Of Peatland Ecosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fighting carbon loss of degraded peatlands by jump-starting ecosystem functioning with ecological restoration

Kareksela

Haapalehto

Juutinen

et al. 2015

Science of The Total Environment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The increased CH 4 and N 2 O emissions in the RF may be fully compensated by the reduced CO 2 efflux in the RF; however, this observation is based on only a few studies (Laine et al 1996;Jungkunst et al 2008;Jungkunst and Fiedler 2007). Saari et al (2009) recently showed that sedimentation ponds in peatland forest buffers with high N loads can be potential hot spots for N 2 O emissions.…”

Section: Carbon Storage and Greenhouse Gas Dynamics In Rfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Services Provided from Riparian Forests in the Nordic Countries

Gundersen

Laurén

Finér

et al. 2010

AMBIO

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Riparian forests (RF) growing along streams, rivers and lakes comprise more than 2% of the forest area in the Nordic countries (considering a 10 m wide zone from the water body). They have special ecological functions in the landscape. They receive water and nutrients from the upslope areas, are important habitats for biodiversity, have large soil carbon stores, but may emit more greenhouse gases (GHG) than the uplands. In this article, we present a review of the environmental services related to water protection, terrestrial biodiversity, carbon storage and greenhouse gas dynamics provided by RF in the Nordic countries. We discuss the benefits and trade-offs when leaving the RF as a buffer against the impacts from upland forest management, in particular the impacts of clear cutting. Forest buffers are effective in protecting water quality and aquatic life, and have positive effects on terrestrial biodiversity, particularly when broader than 40 m, whereas the effect on the greenhouse gas exchange is unclear.

show abstract

“…For example, peatlands are one of the largest natural sources of atmospheric CH 4 , a greenhouse gas approximately 25 times more effective than CO 2 in absorbing long-wave radiation in the atmosphere, and responsible for 20% of current climate forcing (Forster and others 2007). Recent reports also suggest that peatlands may emit significant quantities of N 2 O, a gas with 298 times the global warming potential of CO 2 , although the dynamics and magnitude of these fluxes are poorly characterized (Jungkunst and Fiedler 2007;Repo and others 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The majority of these studies have in turn concentrated on greenhouse gas fluxes from northern (that is, boreal, sub-arctic, arctic) ecosystems, rather than on temperate or tropical ones (Limpens and others 2008;Waddington and Roulet 1996;Zona and others 2009;Hendriks and others 2007). Temperate peatlands are likely to have greater overall trace gas fluxes than their northern counterparts because they experience warmer conditions and longer growing seasons (Carroll and Crill 1997;Fiedler and others 2005;Fowler and others 1995b;Hendriks and others 2007;Jungkunst and Fiedler 2007). Moreover, temperate peatlands are commonly exploited for agriculture (that is, grazing, arable crops), energy (that is, peat cutting and extraction), horticulture, and water resources, making it difficult to predict gas fluxes from these environments based on models of near-pristine northern peatlands (Charman 2002;Limpens and others 2008;Service 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Past attempts to investigate greenhouse gas fluxes in managed peatlands have focussed on single gases (for example, CH 4 or CO 2 or N 2 O), or pairs of compounds (for example, CH 4 and CO 2 ) (Hendriks and others 2007;Jungkunst and Fiedler 2007;Limpens and others 2008). Nitrous oxide fluxes have been particularly neglected, even though emissions from agricultural peatlands may be substantial (Jungkunst and Fiedler 2007;Langeveld and others 1997;Regina and others 2004;Schils and others 2006;Takakai and others 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Large Greenhouse Gas Emissions from a Temperate Peatland Pasture

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Agricultural drainage is thought to alter greenhouse gas emissions from temperate peatlands, with CH 4 emissions reduced in favor of greater CO 2 losses. Attention has largely focussed on C trace gases, and less is known about the impacts of agricultural conversion on N 2 O or global warming potential. We report greenhouse gas fluxes (CH 4 , CO 2 , N 2 O) from a drained peatland in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta, California, USA currently managed as a rangeland (that is, pasture). This ecosystem was a net source of CH 4 (25.8 ± 1.4 mg CH 4 -C m -2 d -1 ) and N 2 O (6.4 ± 0.4 mg N 2 O-N m -2 d -1 ). Methane fluxes were comparable to those of other managed temperate peatlands, whereas N 2 O fluxes were very high; equivalent to fluxes from heavily fertilized agroecosystems and tropical forests. Ecosystem scale CH 4 fluxes were driven by ''hotspots'' (drainage ditches) that accounted for less than 5% of the land area but more than 84% of emissions. Methane fluxes were unresponsive to seasonal fluctuations in climate and showed minimal temporal variability. Nitrous oxide fluxes were more homogeneously distributed throughout the landscape and responded to fluctuations in environmental variables, especially soil moisture. Elevated CH 4 and N 2 O fluxes contributed to a high overall ecosystem global warming potential (531 g CO 2 -C equivalents m -2 y -1 ), with non-CO 2 trace gas fluxes offsetting the atmospheric ''cooling'' effects of photoassimilation. These data suggest that managed Delta peatlands are potentially large regional sources of greenhouse gases, with spatial heterogeneity in soil moisture modulating the relative importance of each gas for ecosystem global warming potential.

show abstract

Latitudinal differentiated water table control of carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide fluxes from hydromorphic soils: feedbacks to climate change

Cited by 131 publications

References 56 publications

Fighting carbon loss of degraded peatlands by jump-starting ecosystem functioning with ecological restoration

Fighting carbon loss of degraded peatlands by jump-starting ecosystem functioning with ecological restoration

Environmental Services Provided from Riparian Forests in the Nordic Countries

Large Greenhouse Gas Emissions from a Temperate Peatland Pasture

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About