Latitude-dependent underestimation of microbial extracellular enzyme activity in soils

Gonzalez, Juan M.; Guisado, María del Carmen Portillo; Piñeiro-Vidal, M.

doi:10.1007/s13762-014-0635-7

Cited by 21 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Santana et al (2015) proposed a thermophilic C dissimilatory organic‐S mineralization characteristic pathway for the release of SO $ _4^{2 - } $ and NH $ _4^+ $ depending on the decomposition of proteinaceous substrates. The temperatures, considered to be necessary for these thermophiles to provide significant activity, have been shown to be highly frequent at medium and low latitudes ( Gonzalez et al, 2015) and during daily cycles ( Portillo et al, 2012); for instance, temperature measurements during summer days showed values > 40°C in topsoils from S Spain for more than 10 h a day ( Portillo et al, 2012). This high temperature niche observed in soils offers these thermophiles their own window of opportunity to develop a significant role in the terrestrial environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copper and temperature modify microbial communities, ammonium and sulfate release in soil

Ferreira

Gaspar

Gonzalez

et al. 2015

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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Recent studies suggest an important role of thermophilic bacterial communities of the Phylum Firmicutes on soil C, N and S cycling, and a positive effect on crop productivity through the production of sulfate (SO $ _4^{2 - } $) and ammonium (NH $ _4^+ $), essential plant nutrients. Copper (Cu) is commonly supplemented to soils as a fungicide in phytosanitary treatments although its consequences to the bacterial communities is frequently overlooked. Herein, we report on the influence of temperature and Cu on the microbial communities, namely those of the Phylum Firmicutes, from a soil collected at an olive orchard in S Portugal. Community fingerprints and band identification through sequencing was combined with measurement of SO $ _4^{2 - } $ and NH $ _4^+ $ production at different supplemented amounts of Cu and at moderate and high temperatures (30°C and 50°C, respectively). Both temperature and Cu induced changes in these communities, selecting for specific bacteria. Temperature induced the dominance of Brevibacillus, and Cu addition to soil caused a reduction of SO $ _4^{2 - } $ release by soil bacteria. Ammonium production during bacterial growth at moderate and high temperatures was not affected by Cu addition. A Cu‐tolerant thermophilic isolate, belonging to the Bacillus genus, showed significant inhibition by high Cu concentrations and a reduction of NH $ _4^+ $ release during growth; genera Brevibacillus and Bacillus have been previously reported as high NH $ _4^+ $ and SO $ _4^{2 - } $ producers of the Firmicutes phylum. Results indicate that Cu treatments select specific tolerant bacterial strains which could influence natural soil fertilization in Cu‐treated orchards.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copper and temperature modify microbial communities, ammonium and sulfate release in soil

Ferreira

Gaspar

Gonzalez

et al. 2015

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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“…At present, there is highly limited information on how water availability rules the activity of microorganisms and their enzymes in soils (Biederman et al, 2016;Moxley et al, 2019). Temperatures for the incubation of the enzyme assays were selected to represent soil conditions and common natural ranges for the extracellular enzyme activity from mesophilic (Fierer, Colman, Schimel, & Jackson, 2006;Townsend, Vitousek, & Holland, 1992) and thermophilic (Gonzalez et al, 2015) microorganisms and looking for facilitating the discrimination between mesophiles and thermophiles in the EEA assays. For instance, 20°C represented a minimum surface soil temperature during the summer season at the Southern Spain sampling sites whereas 60°C was a commonly reached summer temperature at the soil surface at these sites and was generally the optimum growth temperature for reported soil thermophiles (Marchant, Banat, Rahman, & Berzano, 2002;Portillo et al, 2012).…”

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confidence: 99%

Environmental factors affect the response of microbial extracellular enzyme activity in soils when determined as a function of water availability and temperature

Gómez

Delgado

Gonzalez

2020

Ecology and Evolution

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Microorganisms govern soil carbon cycling with critical effects at local and global scales. The activity of microbial extracellular enzymes is generally the limiting step for soil organic matter mineralization. Nevertheless, the influence of soil characteristics and climate parameters on microbial extracellular enzyme activity (EEA) performance at different water availabilities and temperatures remains to be detailed. Different soils from the Iberian Peninsula presenting distinctive climatic scenarios were sampled for these analyses. Results showed that microbial EEA in the mesophilic temperature range presents optimal rates under wet conditions (high water availability) while activity at the thermophilic temperature range (60°C) could present maximum EEA rates under dry conditions if the soil is frequently exposed to high temperatures. Optimum water availability conditions for maximum soil microbial EEA were influenced mainly by soil texture. Soil properties and climatic parameters are major environmental components ruling soil water availability and temperature which were decisive factors regulating soil microbial EEA. This study contributes decisively to the understanding of environmental factors on the microbial EEA in soils, specifically on the decisive influence of water availability and temperature on EEA. Unlike previous belief, optimum EEA in high temperature exposed soil upper layers can occur at low water availability (i.e., dryness) and high temperatures. This study shows the potential for a significant response by soil microbial EEA under conditions of high temperature and dryness due to a progressive environmental warming which will influence organic carbon decomposition at local and global scenarios.

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“…Besides, this procedure avoids the previous ambiguity to quantify the decay rate over an asymptotic EEA decay curve (Renella et al, 2007) and greatly reduces the incubation time required to complete an EEA decay estimation from about 30 days (Renella et al, 2007) can frequently get hot (Gonzalez et al, 2015;Portillo et al, 2012;Santana & Gonzalez, 2015) and so these thermophilic enzymes could perform optimally in this scenario.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A potentially important role for soil thermophiles has been shown to recycle organic C, N, and S (Portillo et al, 2012;Santana & Gonzalez, 2015;Santana, Portillo, González, & Clara, 2013). Gonzalez et al (2015) demonstrated the existence of peaks of maximum EEA at high temperatures in all soils tested from different latitudes. This suggested that the elevated high-temperature EEA might be a consequence of the activity being carried out by soil thermophilic microorganisms.…”

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confidence: 87%

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Persistence of microbial extracellular enzymes in soils under different temperatures and water availabilities

Gómez

Delgado

González

2020

Ecology and Evolution

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Microbial extracellular enzyme activity (EEA) is critical for the decomposition of organic matter in soils. Generally, EEA represents the limiting step governing soil organic matter mineralization. The high complexity of soil microbial communities and the heterogeneity of soils suggest potentially complex interactions between microorganisms (and their extracellular enzymes), organic matter, and physicochemical factors. Previous studies have reported the existence of maximum soil EEA at high temperatures although microorganisms thriving at high temperature represent a minority of soil microbial communities. To solve this paradox, we attempt to evaluate if soil extracellular enzymes from thermophiles could accumulate in soils. Methodology at this respect is scarce and an adapted protocol is proposed. Herein, the approach is to analyze the persistence of soil microbial extracellular enzymes at different temperatures and under a broad range of water availability. Results suggest that soil high‐temperature EEA presented longer persistence than enzymes with optimum activity at moderate temperature. Water availability influenced enzyme persistence, generally preserving for longer time the extracellular enzymes. These results suggest that high‐temperature extracellular enzymes could be naturally accumulated in soils. Thus, soils could contain a reservoir of enzymes allowing a quick response by soil microorganisms to changing conditions. This study suggests the existence of novel mechanisms of interaction among microorganisms, their enzymes and the soil environment with relevance at local and global levels.

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Latitude-dependent underestimation of microbial extracellular enzyme activity in soils

Cited by 21 publications

References 34 publications

Copper and temperature modify microbial communities, ammonium and sulfate release in soil

Copper and temperature modify microbial communities, ammonium and sulfate release in soil

Environmental factors affect the response of microbial extracellular enzyme activity in soils when determined as a function of water availability and temperature

Persistence of microbial extracellular enzymes in soils under different temperatures and water availabilities

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