Latinos report less use of pharmaceutical aids when trying to quit smoking

Levinson, Arnold H.; Pérez‐Stable, Eliseo J.; Espinoza, Paula; Flores, Estevan T.; Byers, Tim

doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2003.10.012

Cited by 154 publications

(130 citation statements)

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“…5 We found that light and intermittent smokers were less likely to receive advice from health professionals to quit smoking. Latinos have also been found to receive less advice to quit smoking, 13,14,33 which may be attributable to differences in smoking level after health status is taken into account. 33 Because of the deleterious health effects of smoking and because the odds of successfully quitting are higher when advised by a health professional, 34 it is important that all smokers be advised to quit regardless of smoking level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Latinos have also been found to receive less advice to quit smoking, 13,14,33 which may be attributable to differences in smoking level after health status is taken into account. 33 Because of the deleterious health effects of smoking and because the odds of successfully quitting are higher when advised by a health professional, 34 it is important that all smokers be advised to quit regardless of smoking level. We also found that heavy daily smokers were more likely to work in an environment not covered by a complete smoking ban, particularly Mexicans, the largest Latino group we examined.…”

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National Trends in Smoking Behaviors Among Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban Men and Women in the United States

et al. 2014

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National trends in smoking behaviors among mexican, puerto rican, and cuban men and women in the united states Ricans and Cubans are also more likely to be current smokers than are Mexicans. 7 Furthermore, although research grounded on a nationally representative sample found that Latinos were approximately 4.5 times more likely to be light smokers than were non-Hispanic Whites, 8 that study provided only aggregated rates for all Latinos and did not differentiate between national origin groups. Gender differences have also been reported among disaggregated Latino groups. A higher prevalence of smoking has been reported among Mexican (25.0%), Puerto Rican (27.6%), and Cuban (24.7%) men than among Mexican (10.4%), Puerto Rican (24.2%), and Cuban (12.4%) women. 7 The lower rates of smoking among women have been consistent in surveys of Latinos. 5,7,9 Results from these studies, although informative, have generally been determined by aggregated Latino data or data from a single survey time point. Although such data are valuable and can demonstrate existing gender differences, national-level trends from Latino nationality groups in the United States add valuable information that have not been previously reported. Previous research has also identified social and environmental factors associated with Latinos' smoking behaviors. Acculturation to mainstream US culture plays a significant role in one's health behaviors, 10 and as Latinos acculturate, their smoking behaviors become similar to those of non-Hispanic Whites. 7Existing research has also revealed that Latinos are less likely to quit smoking, 11 receive tobacco screening, and be advised to quit by a physician than are non-Hispanic Whites. 12---15 A health professionals' advice to quit smoking has been found to increase the likelihood that a smoker will successfully quit. 16,17 Lastly, workplace smoking policies have also influenced smoking prevalence and intensity. 18---20 Work environments adopting a smoke-free policy saw a 14% decrease in individuals' smoking. 21When examining national-level smoking behaviors among Latinos, it is important to account for social and environmental factors such as acculturation, physician advice to quit smoking, and work environment smoking policies, as they may influence smoking behaviors. Existing research on smoking behaviors among Latino national origin groups has been predicated on data from specific regions of the United States. 4,22---25 Although regional data are important for the development of community-level interventions, 4 national-level data provide an overview of the country's progress in tobacco control as well as remaining and emerging challenges for Latinos nationwide. We compared smoking behaviors across 2 periods, about a decade apart, among Mexicans, Puerto Ricans, and Cubans. Our goals in these analyses were (1) to compare Latino national origin groups across 2 periods to examine factors affecting changes in smokingObjectives. We examined trends in smoking behaviors across 2 periods among Mexicans, Puert...

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National Trends in Smoking Behaviors Among Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban Men and Women in the United States

et al. 2014

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“…Expanding the reach of our sampling-based intervention to racial and ethnic minority smokers of low socioeconomic status is important given that tobacco-related health disparities persist and are partly driven by the low rates of use of cessation medication (Fu et al, 2008;Houston, Scarinci, Person, & Greene, 2005;Levinson, Pérez-Stable, Espinoza, Flores, & Byers, 2004). Similarly, applying this intervention to smokers with cooccurring psychiatric disorders and/or chronic illnesses holds great promise.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Effect of Access to Free Medication to Quit Smoking: A Clinical Trial Testing the Role of Motivation

Jardin

Cropsey

Wahlquist

et al. 2014

Nicotine & Tobacco Research

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“…Minority and low-income smokers are less likely to use nicotine replacement therapy and other first-line pharmacological treatments (Fu et al, 2005;Levinson, Perez-Stable, Espinoza, Flores, & Byers, 2004) and are more likely to discontinue use prematurely (Burns & Levinson, 2008). Use of EBTs is low, despite the fact that 342 state Medicaid programs and 96% of U.S. health plans provide coverage for some form of EBT counseling (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2006;McPhillipsTangum, Rehm, Carreon, Erceg, & Bocchino, 2006).…”

Section: Using Creative Methods To Increase the Use Of Evidence-basedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking cessation: Next steps for special populations research and innovative treatments.

Borrelli

2010

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology

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Objective:The current introductory article provides the rationale for the special section on understudied smokers and innovative treatments. This article proposes a definition of "special populations" of smokers, outlines a priori criteria by which to judge whether an intervention should be adapted for these smokers, and delineates a process by which cultural adaptation of an intervention can be achieved. Next steps for innovative, theory-based treatments with special populations and with general populations of smokers are discussed. Method: Special populations of smokers are defined as having (a) Ͼ10% higher smoking prevalence than the general population of smokers, (b) disproportionate tobacco-related health disparities, (c) less access to treatments, and (d) a lack of prospective, longitudinal treatment trials. Results: Cultural adaptation of evidenced-based treatments (EBTs) for underserved smokers should be applied more widely, outside the bounds of race and ethnicity, but also judiciously, following several a priori criteria. Cultural adaptation may be justified if the target population differs from the general population in (a) rates and patterns of smoking, (b) burden of tobacco-related health diseases, (c) predictors of smoking behavior, (d) risk factors for treatment failure, (e) protective factors that facilitate quitting, (f) treatment engagement, (g) treatment response, and (h) perceived social validity of the EBT. Once these criteria are met, four phases of cultural adaptation of an EBT for the target population are proposed. Innovative treatments need to be developed that use novel channels and linkages between channels; test novel theories or build on mechanisms research to more accurately pinpoint targets of change; and increase consumer demand for EBTs. Conclusion: The process of cultural adaptation should be thoughtfully conducted with a priori definitions and criteria as well as standardized processes. Coupled with innovative, theory-based treatments, these considerations could help to jump-start stalled smoking cessation rates. Decreasing the prevalence of smoking will take a multitarget, multichannel, multimethod approach at different levels of social strata: individuals (i.e., address smoker heterogeneity, develop innovative treatments), groups (i.e., target populations with higher than average smoking prevalence; eradicate disparities in treatment access, engagement, and effectiveness), cultural/societal level (i.e., increase frequency and effectiveness of mass media campaigns, create greater consumer demand for evidenced-based treatments [EBTs]), health care systems and insurers (i.e., increase counseling and reimbursement, reduce out-of-pocket costs to smokers who want to quit), and government (i.e., increase taxation, expand smoke-free laws, increase funding of state quit lines).Although all of these factors are critical to jump-starting stalled smoking cessation rates, in January 2009 the Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology initiated a call for papers focusing on the first t...

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Latinos report less use of pharmaceutical aids when trying to quit smoking

Cited by 154 publications

References 26 publications

National Trends in Smoking Behaviors Among Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban Men and Women in the United States

National Trends in Smoking Behaviors Among Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban Men and Women in the United States

Evaluating the Effect of Access to Free Medication to Quit Smoking: A Clinical Trial Testing the Role of Motivation

Smoking cessation: Next steps for special populations research and innovative treatments.

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