Latinos’ deportation fears by citizenship and legal status, 2007 to 2018

Asad, Asad L.

doi:10.31235/osf.io/eyrxm

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Our study also discovered fear among legal Latino residents, supporting a recent study showing growing deportation fear among Latino US citizens. 10 A growing body of research suggests that living in fear contributes to chronic stress, which is associated with increased risk for mental health conditions (eg, depression), and chronic diseases (eg, heart disease and diabetes). 11,12 Addressing fear, especially within important sources of healthcare such as the ED, is critical for the health and wellness of our immigrant communities, and is essential in the context of heightened immigration enforcement and anti-immigrant rhetoric.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-immigrant Rhetoric and the Experiences of Latino Immigrants in the Emergency Department

Ornelas¹,

Torres²,

Torres³

et al. 2021

WJEM

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Introduction Anti-immigrant rhetoric and increased enforcement of immigration laws have induced worry and safety concerns among undocumented Latino immigrants (UDLI) and legal Latino residents/citizens (LLRC), with some delaying the time to care. 1 In this study, we conducted a qualitative analysis of statements made by emergency department (ED) patients – a majority of whom were UDLI and LLRC – participating in a study to better understand their experiences and fears with regard to anti-immigrant rhetoric, immigration enforcement, and ED utilization. Methods We conducted a multi-site study, surveying patients in three California safety-net EDs serving large immigrant populations from June 2017–December 2018. Of 1684 patients approached, 1337 (79.4%) agreed to participate; when given the option to provide open-ended comments, 260 participants provided perspectives about their experiences during the years immediately following the 2016 United States presidential election. We analyzed these qualitative data using constructivist grounded theory. Results We analyzed comments from 260 individuals. Among ED patients who provided qualitative data, 59% were women and their median age was 45 years (Interquartile range 33–57 years). Undocumented Latino immigrants comprised 49%, 31% were LLRC, and 20% were non-Latino legal residents. As their primary language, 68% spoke Spanish. We identified six themes: fear as a barrier to care (especially for UDLI); the negative impact of fear on health and wellness (physical and mental health, delays in care); factors influencing fear (eg, media coverage); and future solutions, including the need for increased communication about rights. Conclusion Anti-immigrant rhetoric during the 2016 US presidential campaign contributed to fear and safety concerns among UDLI and LLRC accessing healthcare. This is one of the few studies that captured firsthand experiences of UDLI in the ED. Our findings revealed fear-based barriers to accessing emergency care, protective and contributing factors to fear, and the negative impact of fear. There is a need for increased culturally informed patient communication about rights and resources, strategic media campaigns, and improved access to healthcare for undocumented individuals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-immigrant Rhetoric and the Experiences of Latino Immigrants in the Emergency Department

Ornelas¹,

Torres²,

Torres³

et al. 2021

WJEM

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“…We also know that frontline workers deemed essential to meet our basic reproductive needs have faced enormous personal risk to keep their jobs and the economy running (Kane and Tomer 2021;Ramos et al 2020;Roberts et al 2020;Sönmez et al 2020). When combined with long-existing systemic racism (DiMaggio et al 2020;Kullar et al 2020;Van Dorn, Cooney, and Sabin 2020) and the precariousness of immigration status (Asad 2020;Chilton et al 2009;Hamilton, Patler, and Hale 2019), we argue that immigrant communities are one of the most vulnerable populations in the United States during the pandemic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Immigrants without legal status or who live with someone without status are vulnerable to immigration enforcement, the fear it generates, and family separation (Asad 2020; Boehm 2017; Golash-Boza 2015). For people living in the shadows, accessing any type of social safety net, visiting a medical facility, or violating a shelter-in-place order to go to work heighten their fears and prevent many from seeking the help they might need, whether food assistance or medical treatment.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Virus Without Papers: Understanding COVID-19 and the Impact on Immigrant Communities

Kiester¹,

Vasquez-Merino

2021

Journal on Migration and Human Security

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The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed the inequalities facing vulnerable populations: those living in economically precarious situations and lacking adequate health care. In addition, frontline workers deemed essential to meet our basic needs have faced enormous personal risk to keep earning their paychecks and the economy running. Immigrant communities face an intersection of all three vulnerabilities (e.g., economic precarity, health care barriers, essential workforce), making them one of the most vulnerable populations in the United States. We conducted 26 interviews via Zoom with immigrant service providers in Pennsylvania and New York, including lawyers, case workers, religious leaders, advocates, doctors, and educators in order to gain a better understanding of the impact of COVID-19 on immigrant communities. These interviews affirmed that immigrants are concentrated in essential industries, which increases their exposure to the virus. In addition, they lack access to social safety nets when trying to access health care or facing job/income loss. Last, COVID-19 did not adequately slow the detention and deportation machine in the United States, which led to increased transmission of the virus among not only detainees but also others in the detention system, surrounding communities, and the countries to which people were deported, countries that often lacked an adequate infrastructure for dealing with the pandemic. Based on our interviews, we have a series of specific policy recommendations to diminish the vulnerability of immigrants and create social safety nets that will include them and protect them when the market fails to do so. Immigrants of all types have made indispensable contributions to the US economy during the pandemic and before it. First, Congress and states should pass legislation to provide COVID-19 relief payments to all essential workers, regardless of their status, as compensation for putting their lives on the line to keep the economy running. Second, as a public health imperative, federal and state governments should expand coverage of Medicaid and Children’s Health Insurance Programs (CHIP) to include immigrant essential workers and their children, regardless of their status. Third, DHS should not refer essential workers to removal proceedings, and immigration courts should terminate all removal proceedings for essential workers without criminal records. When it comes to issues of health care affordability and access, Congress must continue to revise the Affordable Healthcare Act to expand coverage for those who do not qualify for Medicaid but earn too little to afford insurance on their own. Finally, there must be a review and rigorous enforcement of workplace health and safety standards, particularly when it comes to farming, meatpacking, food production, and food service industries. Our final recommendations are specific to DHS and two of the primary agencies they oversee: Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and the Border Patrol. First, there needs to be a review of ICE policies and practices, leading to a shift in policy that keeps mixed-status families intact and minor children out of detention centers and that streamlines and expands the asylum process. Second, both Congress and the administration must create additional paths to legal status where none now exist, including for recipients of Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) and for children who have arrived since June 2007.

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“…Second, many undocumented migrants work in high risk occupations that include repetitive movements (Flynn et al., 2015), which are associated with a higher risk of developing functional limitations (Chacón & Davis, 2018). Immigrants and racialized minorities also experience deep discrimination and the negative impacts of anti‐immigrant policies (Asad, 2020; Gee & Ford, 2011). Torres and Young (2016) argue that exposure to an undocumented or temporary status is important for health regardless of an individual's current status because the effects of undocumented status has latent effects.…”

Section: Health and Older Immigrantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aging and undocumented: The sociology of aging meets immigration status

Morales

2021

Sociology Compass

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Being undocumented is strongly correlated with low wages, employment in high risk occupations, and poor healthcare access. We know surprisingly little about the social lives of older undocumented adults despite the vast literature about youth and young undocumented migrants. Literature about the immigrant health paradox casts doubts on the argument that unequal social conditions translate to poorer self‐reported health and mortality, but few of these studies consider immigration status as the dynamic variable that it is. Reviewing research about older migrants and minorities, I point to the emergence of undocumented older persons as a demographic group that merits attention from researchers and policymakers. This nexus offers important lessons for understanding stratification and inequality. This review offers new research directions that take into account multilevel consequences of growing old undocumented. Rather than arguing that older‐aged undocumented migrants are aging into exclusion, I argue that we need careful empirical research to examine how the continuity of exclusion via policies can magnify inequalities on the basis of immigration status and racialization in older age.

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Latinos’ deportation fears by citizenship and legal status, 2007 to 2018

Cited by 7 publications

References 1 publication

Anti-immigrant Rhetoric and the Experiences of Latino Immigrants in the Emergency Department

Anti-immigrant Rhetoric and the Experiences of Latino Immigrants in the Emergency Department

A Virus Without Papers: Understanding COVID-19 and the Impact on Immigrant Communities

Aging and undocumented: The sociology of aging meets immigration status

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