“…Similarly, in a study of a subsample of a nationally representative sample, Latine parents' early math expectations related longitudinally to their children's kindergarten math scores (Sonnenschein & Galindo, 2015). Conversely, two concurrent studies (Kung et al., 2021; Missall et al., 2015) and two longitudinal studies (Cosso et al., 2022; Leyva et al., 2022) of either Latine families with low incomes or nationally representative samples found no relation between Latine caregivers' math practices and children's skills in preschool or kindergarten. The scant research on parent–child interactions suggests that caregivers' math support is concurrently related to children's math talk (Melzi et al., 2022; Mendelsohn et al., 2022), but not to children's math performance longitudinally (Leyva et al., 2017; Suh et al., 2019).…”