Latex Diagnosis at the Whole Trunk Level under Different Tapping Systems in Young-tapping Rubber Trees

Rukkhun, Raweerat; Khongdee, Nuttapon; Iamsaard, Kesinee; Mawan, Nipon; Sainoi, Thongchai; Sdoodee, Sayan

doi:10.18805/ijare.a-592

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…A tapping system and ethylene stimulation are the main tools for obtaining latex production in rubber plantations. However, this study showed that only four of 38 analyzed papers reported modification and evaluation of the suitability of the tapping system (Padjung et al, 2020;Pereira et al, 2018;Purwaningrum et al, 2019;Rukkhun et al, 2021 and five studies on ethylene stimulation (Attanayake et al, 2018;Long et al, 2018;Purwaningrum et al, 2019;Yunta & Dede, 2019;and Budiasih et al, 2020) Although much research has been published in these two fields, most of them were in journals unrecognized by Scopus. This suggests that research on these topics requires additional data such as LD and molecular analysis for a better explanation of the effect of tapping and stimulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Research trend in latex harvesting of rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.) based on bibliographic analysis

Junaidi¹

2022

PJA

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The rubber plant (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.) is the main natural rubber-producing species. Researches on rubber has been carried out for more than a century. Researchers and academics should stay up to date with the current scientific issues including latex harvesting in H. brasiliensis Muell. Arg. This article presents a bibliometric analysis of scientific literature indexed by Scopus and published from 2018 to 2022. The literature was categorized into three sub-topics i.e., latex harvesting techniques (38 papers), physiological mechanisms (41 papers), and oxidative stress induced by latex harvesting practices (18 papers). Metadata validation was performed using Mendeley reference management software and bibliometric analysis was carried out using VOSviewer bibliometric network visualization software. The results on the latex harvesting technique showed that most of the articles were related to the development of automatic tapping machines. This indicates a trend that latex harvesting techniques are likely shifting from manual tapping to fully automated methods using machines and robots. In terms of physiological mechanisms related to latex production, the mechanism of rubber biosynthesis and ethylene response at the genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic levels predominated the finding. Research on oxidative stress induced by tapping mainly focuses on the effects of mechanical wounding and ethylene stimulation, while research on antioxidants is still limited. In the past five years, biotechnology and molecular analysis are the main tools to study physiological mechanisms and oxidative stress. This can be a consideration for scientists and research institutions to develop laboratories and human resources to be able to conduct molecular-based research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Research trend in latex harvesting of rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.) based on bibliographic analysis

Junaidi¹

2022

PJA

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“…Studies showed that the ethylene released by ethephon increases the duration of latex flow after tapping by activating latex cell metabolism ( Pakianatan et al, 1976;Jacob et al, 1989;d' Auzac et al, 1997) . Rukkhun et al ( 2021) cited that ethylene stimulation in young-tapping rubber tree provided significantly highest averaged latex yield per tapping. d' Auzac ( 1989) further corresponded that ethylene reaction happened at the inner bark of the rubber trees to increase pressure and elasticity of laticiferous cell and consequently delayed the latex coagulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Management Practices and Tapping System on Latex and Dry Rubber Yields of Rubber Tree Clone Rrit 251

2023

THE JAPS

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The cultivation of Hevea brasiliensis, as the main source of natural rubber, is facing the tapping labor shortage and low dry rubber yield problems. Management practices and tapping system could nevertheless remedy these constraints. Accordingly, the study aimed to assess the latex and dry rubber yields of rubber trees clone RRIT 251 under different irrigation with fertilizer management methods and rubber tapping systems. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design, 4 replications with 3 rubber trees per replication. Two main plot treatments: 1) application of irrigation combined with chemical and organic fertilizers treatment ( IF) and; 2) no-irrigation-fertilizer treatment ( NIF) . Four subplot treatments: 1) (10 cm)S.d/3+ET -tapping 10 cm long of trunk girth (at 45° angle) above an installed bag of ethylene, for 1 day with 2 days interval; 2) (1/2)S.d/2 -tapping half of trunk girth every other day; 3) (1/2)S.2d/3, tapping half of trunk girth for 2 days with 1 day interval (the practice of most para rubber farmers) and; 4) (1/2)S.3d/4, tapping half of trunk girth for 3 days with 1 day interval. The controlled treatment was a combination treatment of NIFx (1/2)S.2d/3. The results showed that both IFx (10 cm)S.d/3+ ET and IFx (10 cm)S.d/3+ ET combination treatments had significant effects (P≤ 0.01) in enhancing latex weight per tree, dry rubber weight per tree, latex yield, and dry rubber yield higher than the controlled treatment. IF treatment had a significant effect ( P≤ 0. 01) in enhancing latex weight per tree, dry rubber weight per tree, latex yield, and dry rubber yields higher than NIF treatment. Rubber tapping system under (1/2)S.3d/4 had a significant effect (P≤0.01) in enhancing latex weight per tree, dry rubber weight per tree, latex yield, and dry rubber yield while it was significantly (P≤0.01) low under (1/2)S.d/2 as compared with the practice used of most farmers-(1/2)S.2d/3. It is concluded that the application of ethylene under IFx (10 cm)S.d/3+ET management is a better innovation and technology attributable to having 45% less time and less bark area consumed for tapping but with increased dry rubber yield, while IFx (1/2)S.2d/3 spent more time to increase the dry rubber yield, as compared with the controlled treatment.

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“…The key to guaranteeing quality and production is to precisely control the tapping depth by fitting the tap to the contour of the rubber tree. The main reason is that a deeper tapping depth will cause dead bark to become diseased and decrease the economic life of the rubber tree, while a shallower depth cannot destroy enough laticiferous tubing and reduces the production of natural rubber [5][6][7]. However, the coarse contours of rubber trees are too complicated to fit using existing equipment, which mainly relies on mechanical deformation and leads to low precision and undesirable effects during the tapping operation [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automatically Extracting Rubber Tree Stem Shape from Point Cloud Data Acquisition Using a B-Spline Fitting Program

Zheng

Huang

et al. 2023

Forests

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Natural rubber is an important and strategic raw material, used in tires, gloves, and insulating products, that is mainly obtained by cutting the bark of rubber trees. However, the complex contour curve of the rubber tree trunk is hard to fit using a tapping machine. Thus, a trunk contour curve collection would be useful for the development of tapping machines. In this study, an acquisition system based on laser-ranging technology was proposed to collect the point cloud data of rubber tree trunks, and a B-spline fitting program was compiled in Matrix Laboratory (MATLAB) to extract the trunks’ contour curves. The acquisition system is composed of power, a controller, a driver, a laser range finder, and data transmission modules. An automatic extraction experiment on the contour curves of rubber tree trunks was carried out to verify the feasibility and accuracy of using the acquisition system. The results showed that the degree of rubber tree trunk characteristic recognition reached 94.67%, which means that the successful extraction of the rubber tree trunk contour curves and the B-spline fitting program are suitable for the extraction of irregular curves of rubber tree trunks. The coefficient of variation of repeated collection was 0.04%, which indicates that changes in relative positions and acquisition directions have little influence on the extraction and the accuracy of the acquisition system, which are high and stable. Therefore, it was unnecessary to adjust the position of the acquisition device before the collecting process, which helped to improve the efficiency of acquisition considerably. The acquisition system proposed in this study is meaningful to the practical production and application of agroforestry and can not only improve the precision of the rubber tapping process by combining with an automatic rubber tapping machine but can also provide technical support for the prediction of rubber wood volume and the development of ring-cutting equipment for other fruit trees.

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Latex Diagnosis at the Whole Trunk Level under Different Tapping Systems in Young-tapping Rubber Trees

Cited by 5 publications

References 8 publications

Research trend in latex harvesting of rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.) based on bibliographic analysis

Research trend in latex harvesting of rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.) based on bibliographic analysis

Effects of Management Practices and Tapping System on Latex and Dry Rubber Yields of Rubber Tree Clone Rrit 251

Automatically Extracting Rubber Tree Stem Shape from Point Cloud Data Acquisition Using a B-Spline Fitting Program

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