Lateral teleradiography of the head as a diagnostic tool used to predict obstructive sleep apnea

Armalaite, Juste; Lopatienė, Kristina

doi:10.1259/dmfr.20150085

Cited by 41 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…They suggested that micrognathia and obesity-related enlargement of the tongue and soft palate might be involved in narrowing of the airway in persons with OSA. A systematic review [19] of cephalometric data highlighted the role of soft-tissue abnor-malities in patients with OSA: skeletal-only halfway, mandibular plane to hyoidal (MP-H), and SPAS were the most reliable parameters for evaluation. Reduced SPAS width might be a prognostic variable for patients with suspected OSA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In conclusion, the extent and direction of maxillary advancement should be considered. Additionally, cone-beam CT was reported to be a practical technique for quantitative assessment in evaluating three-dimensional morphologic changes of the pharyngeal airway [19,21]. Future studies should use cephalography and cone-beam CT to compare the effect of axial direction and differences in PAS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cephalometric analysis of the pharyngeal airway space after maxillary advancement surgery

et al. 2019

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This study evaluated the effect of maxillary advancement surgery on the size of the pharyngeal airway space (PAS). Lateral cephalometric radiographs were collected for 90 patients (29 men and 61 women; average age, 27.2 ± 8.1 years) before (T1) and 1 year after (T2) maxillary advancement surgery. Horizontal and vertical changes in the maxilla and PAS were measured and classified by distance. The maxilla was advanced horizontally by 2.9 ± 1.7 mm and vertically by 2.7 ± 1.4 mm. Upward maxillary movement of ≥4 mm significantly increased PAS (mean change in PAS, 2.6 mm), and upward maxillary movement significantly decreased the posterior nasal spine to the P-point. Only patients with vertical advancement ≥4 mm and horizontal advancement of 3 mm had significant increases in all three PAS parameters. Although forward maxillary movement is believed to have a large effect on PAS, it is suggest that upward vertical movement is more effective for improving PAS. Both the extent and direction of maxillar movement should be considered. Future studies should use cone-beam computed tomography to evaluate the effect of axial direction and differences in PAS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cephalometric analysis of the pharyngeal airway space after maxillary advancement surgery

et al. 2019

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“…However, lateral teleradiography of the skull is commonly used in routine clinical practice due to its relative simplicity, accessibility, low cost, and low radiation exposure (Feng et al, ; Rojas, Corvalán, Messen, & Sandoval, ; Santamaria‐Villegas, Manrique‐Hernandez, Alvarez‐Varela, & Restrepo‐Serna, ). Teleradiography remains a valuable diagnostic tool for evaluating the airways (Ali et al, ; Elfeky & Fayed, ; Ghodke et al, ; Jena et al, ; Pavoni et al, ) and can be used to predict OSA (Armalaite & Lopatiene, ). Furthermore, this method has been shown to provide reliable linear measurements and is a valid tool for measuring the dimensions of the nasopharyngeal and retropalatal regions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Respiratory sleep disorders (RSDs) in childhood, ranging from snoring to clinical manifestations of sleep apnoea‐hypopnoea syndrome (SAHS), are a common problems (Asensi et al, ; Gonzalo, ; Molina, ). Different reports suggest that the prevalence of SAHS is at least 2%, and affected patients may suffer long‐term adverse effects (Alonso‐Álvarez et al, ; Armalaite & Lopatiene, ; Molina, ). Although the first clinical description of SAHS dates back to 1892, Guilleminault reported on children diagnosed with SAHS by polysomnography (Molina, ), which is currently the diagnostic technique of choice (Alonso‐Álvarez et al, ; Asensi et al, ; del Sueño, ; Gonzalo, ; Menéndez, Bravo, & Zaldívar, ; Millán & Reyes, ), for the first time in 1976.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of changes in the upper airway after Twin Block treatment in patients with Class II malocclusion

Entrenas

González-Chamorro

Álvarez-Abad

et al. 2019

Clinical & Exp Dental Res

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The purpose of this prospective case control study is to describe in growing patients with mandibular hypoplasia, treatment outcomes following functional therapy in terms of volumetric changes in nasopharynx and oropharynx, that is, upper and lower pharynx. We recruited 60 study participants aged between 8 and 12 years having mandibular Class II malocclusion and a reduced upper airway (UA) size, as determined by McNamara cephalometric analyses. Forty patients received Twin Block treatment, whereas the remaining 20 patients did not receive treatment, thus constituting the control group. The control group included patients who did not start treatment after their first visit but returned for a consultation one or 2 years later. All patients underwent an initial teleradiography examination of the skull and a final teleradiography examination to measure changes using McNamara cephalometric analysis of the UA. Pretreatment and posttreatment changes were assessed using Student's t test for independent samples with a significance level of 0.05. Both anatomical structures analyzed—the upper pharynx (nasopharynx) and lower pharynx (oropharynx)—showed significant increases after treatment regardless of whether the patients were boys or girls. The controls showed a decrease in UA size on average after approximately 2 years of growth. A clear relationship exists between the mandibular advancement achieved with TB treatment and an increased UA size. Therefore, the appliance is considered suitable for improving the respiratory quality of growing patients with a decreased UA size.

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“…Cephalometry has been used to evaluate OSAS patients for a long time because it can detect some changes commonly related to OSAS with low‐cost and minimal levels of radiation. Among common changes, the distance from hyoid to mandible/maxilla and narrower pharynx are the most determinant and regularly observed parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cephalometric, muscular and swallowing changes in patients with OSAS

Valarelli

Corradi

Grechi

et al. 2018

J of Oral Rehabilitation

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Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome (OSAS) is believed to be associated with craniofacial and neuromuscular changes, although the interplay among these variables still is poorly recognised. The objective of this study was to identify hyoid, muscular and swallowing changes associated with OSAS, and to correlate these alterations with OSAS severity. Cross-sectional study, in a tertiary referral centre. Seventy-two adult individuals participated in this study: 12 controls (without apnoea) and 60 patients with apnoea (mild, moderate and severe OSAS-20 individuals in each group). All participants were initially evaluated by otorhinolaryngologist and neurologist and underwent polysomnography for OSAS stratification. Cephalometric data, clinical myofunctional status and swallow videofluoroscopy exam were assessed. A hybrid effect model was used to analyse swallowing parameters; dependent variables were age, body mass index (BMI) and cephalometric measures. Individuals with OSAS presented lower hyoid position and narrower posterior airway distance when compared to controls. These parameters correlated to OSAS severity. Additionally, OSAS patients exhibited significantly lower myofunctional scores. Both velum and hyoid contraction times were significantly lower in the OSAS group at videofluoroscopy, regardless of its severity. Premature leakage into pharynx was more common in OSAS groups. Laryngeal penetration phenomenon occurred only in two patients (both from OSAS group). Our results suggest that hyoid bone position is associated with OSAS severity. Muscular pattern and swallowing are impaired in OSAS patients, irrespective of OSAS severity and facial profile. These findings indicate a higher predisposition of OSAS patients to present an inferior hyoid positioning, accompanied by myofunctional and swallowing disorders.

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Lateral teleradiography of the head as a diagnostic tool used to predict obstructive sleep apnea

Cited by 41 publications

References 69 publications

Cephalometric analysis of the pharyngeal airway space after maxillary advancement surgery

Cephalometric analysis of the pharyngeal airway space after maxillary advancement surgery

Evaluation of changes in the upper airway after Twin Block treatment in patients with Class II malocclusion

Cephalometric, muscular and swallowing changes in patients with OSAS

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