Lateral Root Formation: Building a Meristemde novo

Abstract

The complex and adaptable architecture of the plant root system in soil is of paramount importance for crop growth and performance. Root growth depends on the activity of the root apical meristem, an organized population of proliferating progenitor cells continuously replenished from a stem cell niche. Root branching, which greatly contributes to root system architecture in most dicot species, consists in de novo formation of new root meristems in existing root tissues. This phenomenon illustrates the ability of plants to repeatedly generate new tissues specialized in post-embryonic continuous growth and greatly impacts the elaboration of the root system architecture and its adaptation to environmental constraints. Here, we review the recent findings and models related to lateral root organogenesis in the dicot species Arabidopsis 2 thaliana, with emphasis on the mechanisms controlling de novo root meristem formation.Experimental evidence suggests that critical regulatory modules are common between embryonic and post-embryonic root meristem organogenesis, and that the lateral root formation molecular pathway is in part common with organ regeneration from callus.

Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Provides Molecular Insights into the Interaction of Beet necrotic yellow vein virus and Beet soil-borne mosaic virus with Their Host Sugar Beet

“…The LR organogenesis starts from pericycle cells which are transformed into founder cells and continue to develop into lateral roots by anticlinal and asymmetric division [24]. This transition requires a local accumulation of auxin in pericycle cells [84].…”

PUCHI regulates very long chain fatty acid biosynthesis during lateral root and callus formation

“…Moreover, recent studies have shown that lateral root formation shares common mechanisms with organ regeneration in tissue culture, especially the first step of callus formation (11)(12)(13)(14). While many genes involved in lateral root development have been identified, little is known about the mechanisms that progressively organize the LRP into a new root meristem (15). LRP organization is not dependent on a stereotypical cell division pattern and therefore on cell lineage (6,7).…”

Manipulation of auxin signalling by plant viruses

“…The taproot of BNYVV-infected sugar beet plants is characterized by massive lateral root (LR) formation, which requires the presence of the P25 virulence factor (Tamada et al, 1999). LR formation is a developmental process governed by auxin and specific Aux/IAA-ARF modules (Trinh et al, 2018). The taproot of infected sugar beet plants undergoes comprehensive transcriptional reprogramming of auxinregulated pathways (Gil et al, 2018(Gil et al, , 2020Schmidlin et al, 2008).…”