Lateral-line responses to water surface waves in the clawed frog,Xenopus laevis

Elepfandt, Andreas; Wiedemer, Lothar

doi:10.1007/bf00611939

Cited by 47 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 48 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Like the clawed toad Xenopus laevis (Zittlau et al 1986;Elepfandt and Wiedemer 1987), the axolotl possesses a well developed and highly sensitive lateral line system. It is responsive to the wave amplitudes used in this study (Miinz et al 1984).…”

Section: Lateral Line Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Representation of lateral line and electrosensory systems in the midbrain of the axolotl, Ambystoma mexicanum

1990

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The study focussed on the representation of the electrosensory and lateral line units in the midbrain of the axolotl Ambystoma mexicanum. In addition, the responses to photic and acoustic/vibrational stimuli were determined. Unit properties were characterized with respect to baseline activity, sensitivity, latency, directional specificity and number of input modalities. The anatomical arrangement of the units was determined using stereotactic and histological measurements of the electrode positions.Of 106 units recorded, 29 units were unimodal, 77 units responded to more than one modality. Most units discharged only in response to stimuli. Thresholds of electrosensory units were about 100 gV/cm field strength; lateral line units had thresholds below 5 gm pp amplitude. The shortest latencies (8-17 ms) were found for responses to visual stimuli. Lateral line and vestibular units responded after 35-58 ms, electroreceptive units after 79-150 ms. All electrosensory and about 50% of the lateral line units were sharply tuned to definite stimulus directions.Electrosensory and lateral line units formed topographical maps in the tectum. The map in each tectal hemisphere contained information about the contralateral surroundings. The electrosensory, lateral line and visual representations were only partly in register; especially in the caudal areas of the midbrain the alignment was poor.

show abstract

Section: Lateral Line Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Representation of lateral line and electrosensory systems in the midbrain of the axolotl, Ambystoma mexicanum

1990

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thus, intricate wave transformations at the body cannot be excluded. However, recordings of lateralline afferent responses in situ in X. laevis have shown that, with few exceptions, the discharge oscillations reliably replicated the wave frequency and amplitude and that directional sensitivity mostly was roughly cardioid in accordance with the animal's wave shadow [Elepfandt and Wiedemer, 1987]. Localization is possible with small groups of organs, so that combining localization abilities from various organ patches on the body might enable more complex wave analysis [Elepfandt, 1985].…”

Section: Neuronal Mechanisms For Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To explore the animal's capabilities of multi-wave analysis, we examined, with multiple monofrequency waves, frequency discrimination, distance discrimination and lo cation capability with waves of identical frequency and distance. The procedure followed the single-wave investigations, and preliminary data have been published elsewhere [Elepfandt and Lebrecht, 1994;Elepfandt, 1996Elepfandt, , 2008Elepfandt et al, 2002Elepfandt et al, , 2003Elepfandt et al, , 2005Elepfandt et al, , 2007Brudermanns and Elepfandt, 2004]. These works have inspired modelling of how the system can achieve these capabilities [Franosch et al, 2003] and electrophysiological searches for the central neurons that encode distance [Behrend et al, 2006[Behrend et al, , 2008Branoner et al, 2012].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lateral Line Scene Analysis in the Purely Aquatic Frog Xenopus laevis Daudin (Pipidae)

Elepfandt

Lebrecht²,

Schroedter³

et al. 2016

Brain Behav Evol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The ability to locate and discriminate water surface waves that impinge simultaneously from multiple directions was studied in the clawed frog, Xenopus laevis. Monofrequency waves of 5-30 Hz were presented from point sources at a distance of 10 cm from the frog, unless stated otherwise, and the animal's response turn towards the wave origin examined. Two-choice conditioning with two simultaneous frontal waves at a 90-degree inter-wave angle revealed discrimination thresholds lower than 1 Hz for 10- to 20-Hz source wave frequencies. Smaller inter-wave angles resulted in larger thresholds, and no discrimination was found below 40°. If a third wave was added from behind, the frequency discrimination of the two frontal waves deteriorated, with 18 Hz being discriminated from waves differing by at least 2.75 Hz. Subjects also discriminated between two simultaneous waves of equal frequency presented from differing distances. At a distance of 10 cm, the discrimination threshold was 0.95 cm. Thus, X. laevis is capable of discriminating source distances in an overlap on the basis of wave curvatures. The detection of source directions among four, six or eight waves of equal frequency and distance was investigated by measuring the angular distribution of the response turns. Turns were significantly more closely oriented towards sources than to intermediate directions. The orientation accuracy did not degrade with the number of waves.

show abstract

“…The bilateral input notwithstanding, localization of auditory stim uli from either side is done in the contralateral mid brain [Jenkins and Masterton, 1982], This auditory lateralization has been termed a functional chiasm, to point out that localization is done contralateral to the stimulus side, but not based only on the receptor input from that side [Masterton and Imig, 1984], An even more complex input situation is found in water wave localization with lateral lines, which has been de scribed in amphibians [Scharrer, 1932;Kramer, 1933;Shelton, 1971;Elepfandt and Simm, 1985] and fish [Schwartz, 1965[Schwartz, , 1971Schwartz and Hasler, 1966a, b]. The lateral-line organs are distributed over the ani mal's body, and each organ can be stimulated by waves from many directions [Elepfandt and Wiedemer, 1987]. Thus, wave localization depends on a comparison of the inputs from several organs, which may be located on various regions of the body [am phibians : Elepfandt, 1982: Elepfandt, , 1984aGorner et al, 1984;fish: Muller and Schwartz, 1982;Tittel et al, 1984], In the clawed frog Xenopus, various subsets of the lat eral-line organs are each sufficient for accurate deter mination of any wave direction, and these subsets may be even completely unilateral [Elepfandt, 1982, Elcpfandt Ventrolateral tectum IV-X Cranial nerves Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Central Organization of Wave Localization in the Clawed Frog, Xenopus laevis

Elepfandt

1988

Brain Behav Evol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The central nervous organization of water wave localization in the clawed frog Xenopus laevis was investigated by performing behavioral tests on frogs that had various brain ablations. The criterion of localization was the orientation of response turns toward the origin of stimulus waves. After complete midbrain ablation, Xenopus still detected impinging waves but could not localize them. After thalamopretectal ablation, however, Xenopus localized waves with normal accuracy. Thus, wave localization can be accomplished in the brainstem, and the midbrain is necessary for it. After forebrain ablation, the frogs no longer responded to water waves, which shows that higher brain centers modulate localization. Tectal lesions that spared the ventrolateral tectum did not abolish localization. After unilateral extirpation of tectum and torus, all ipsilateral waves were localized, but contralateral waves were not. This indicates a functional chiasm for the determination of wave directions in the midbrain. Total localization failure after unilateral midbrain destruction demonstrates that wave localization also requires the ipsilateral motorial tegmentum. When wave localization was abolished, a residual correlation between stimulus directions and response angles remained.

show abstract

Lateral-line responses to water surface waves in the clawed frog,Xenopus laevis

Cited by 47 publications

References 48 publications

Representation of lateral line and electrosensory systems in the midbrain of the axolotl, Ambystoma mexicanum

Representation of lateral line and electrosensory systems in the midbrain of the axolotl, Ambystoma mexicanum

Lateral Line Scene Analysis in the Purely Aquatic Frog <b><i>Xenopus laevis</i></b> Daudin (Pipidae)

Central Organization of Wave Localization in the Clawed Frog, <i>Xenopus laevis</i>

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About