Lateral Brow Fixation in Endoscopic Forehead Lift: Long-Term Results with Braided Nylon Percutaneous Sutures

Badin, Ana Zulmira E. Diniz; Bittencourt, Leandra Muniz; Balderrama, C.

doi:10.1007/s00266-009-9401-5

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The main advantage of our method lies in the easy planning and in the versatility of the applied vector lines in comparison to the traditional temporal sub-fascial brow lift. The incidence of publications about anchor systems shows a necessity for a reliable technique, if possible, just using re-absorbable simple sutures [ 29 ], [ 30 ], [ 31 ], [ 32 ], [ 33 ], [ 34 ], [ 35 ], [ 36 ], [ 37 ], [ 38 ], [ 39 ], [ 40 ], [ 41 ]. In the subcutaneous layers, we expect a far better long time adhesion compared to the sub-fascial plane.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subcutaneous lateral brow lift (“Z-lift”)

Ueberreiter

Tanzella

Surlemont

et al. 2015

GMS Interdisciplinary Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery DGPW; 4:Doc16

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subcutaneous lateral brow lift (“Z-lift”)

Ueberreiter

Tanzella

Surlemont

et al. 2015

GMS Interdisciplinary Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery DGPW; 4:Doc16

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 However, the final expected lifting amount is difficult to estimate preoperatively because postoperative brow levels change to a considerable degree in the postoperative period. [2][3][4] These changes vary and sometimes lead to underelevation, 5 overelevation, 6,7 or asymmetry. 8 The key procedures of the standard endoscopic brow lift are release of the forehead periosteum, ablation of eyebrow depressing muscles, and suspension of the forehead flap.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

How the Lifting Amount of Endoscopic Brow Lifts Is Influenced by Supraorbital Nerve Tension and Brow Gliding-Layer Mobility

Kim

Choi

2023

Plastic &Amp; Reconstructive Surgery

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Background: Sensory nerve tension and gliding-layer mobility in the brow may be significant factors affecting postoperative brow level in an endoscopic brow lift, yet they have rarely been studied. Methods: To investigate the effects of sensory nerve tension and gliding-layer mobility, the following measurements were performed alongside the endoscopic brow lift in 50 fresh cadaveric hemifaces: amount of brow elevation, critical lifting amount (as sensory nerves became tense), laxity of sensory nerve courses, and mobility of brow-gliding layers. The sensory nerve situations in the subperiosteal and subgaleal dissections were also observed. Results: Supraorbital nerve tension limited the cephalic advancement of the forehead flap. The mean elevation of the brow was 5.8 ± 1 mm (range, 3.5 to 8.6 mm). The mean critical lifting amount was 5.3 ± 1.1 mm (range, 4.0 to 7.3 mm). The mean amount of laxity in the supraorbital nerve (the permissible amount of lift) was 4.1 ± 0.9 mm (range, 2.5 to 5.5 mm). The galeal fat pad was responsible for 60% of brow mobility. The sensory nerve was more protected by a subgaleal dissection in the brow and inferior forehead and by a subperiosteal dissection in the middle and upper forehead. Conclusions: Cephalic movement of the forehead flap is limited by supraorbital nerve tension. The permitted lifting amount varies from 2.5 to 5.5 mm. Gliding-layer mobility in the brow offsets the postoperative amount of cephalic advancement of the forehead flap. Consideration of supraorbital nerve tension and gliding-layer mobility is recommended to obtain an optimal brow level in endoscopic brow lifts.

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