Latent Tuberculosis Infection and the Risk of Subsequent Cancer

Su, Vin‐Cent; Yen, Yung‐Feng; Pan, Shiann; Chuang, Pei Hung; Feng, Jia; Chou, Kun-Ta; Chen, Yuh Min; Chen, Tzeng Ji; Su, Wei

doi:10.1097/md.0000000000002352

Cited by 35 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…A recent Danish study compared the cancer risk in TB patients during 1978–2011 with the general population and noted a significantly increased risk of LC [ 48 ]. Such an increased risk of LC in TB patients was also suggested in studies from Taiwan [ 31 ] and South Korea [ 32 ]. Histological studies have identified when LC and TB were coincident or where tumours formed from areas of pulmonary fibrosis linked to older sites of TB infection (TB scars) or from tuberculous cavities [ 33 ].…”

Section: Microbial Associations With Lung Cancermentioning

confidence: 54%

Lung cancer: a new frontier for microbiome research and clinical translation

Mur

Huws

Cameron

et al. 2018

ecancer

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The lung microbiome has been shown to reflect a range of pulmonary diseases—for example: asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cystic fibrosis. Studies have now begun to show microbiological changes in the lung that correlate with lung cancer (LC) which could provide new insights into lung carcinogenesis and new biomarkers for disease screening. Clinical studies have suggested that infections with tuberculosis or pneumonia increased the risk of LC possibly through inflammatory or immunological changes. These have now been superseded by genomic-based microbiome sequencing studies based on bronchoalveolar lavage, sputum or saliva samples. Although some discrepancies exist, many have suggested changes in particular bacterial genera in LC samples particularly, Granulicatella, Streptococcus and Veillonella. Granulicatella is of particular interest, as it appeared to show LC stage-specific increases in abundance. We propose that these microbial community changes are likely to reflect biochemical changes in the LC lung, linked to an increase in anaerobic environmental niches and altered pyridoxal/polyamine/nitrogenous metabolism to which Granulicatella could be particularly responsive. These are clearly preliminary observations and many more expansive studies are required to develop our understanding of the LC microbiome.

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Section: Microbial Associations With Lung Cancermentioning

confidence: 54%

Lung cancer: a new frontier for microbiome research and clinical translation

Mur

Huws

Cameron

et al. 2018

ecancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There are several strengths of this study: First, the diagnoses were based on the ICD-9 codes, and several previous studies have demonstrated the accuracy and validity of some diagnoses in the NHIRD, including diabetes mellitus ( 46 , 47 ), cancer ( 33 , 46 , 48 ), myocardial infarction ( 46 , 49 , 50 ), Tourette syndrome ( 32 ), stroke ( 31 , 46 , 51 , 52 ), pneumonia ( 53 ), sleep apnea ( 53 ), pulmonary tuberculosis ( 54 , 55 ), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( 56 ), and asthma ( 56 ). In addition, the outcomes ( 46 ), mortality ( 46 , 51 ), or comorbidity ( 46 , 51 ) were also valid in the NHIRD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroconvulsive Therapy and Risk of Dementia—A Nationwide Cohort Study in Taiwan

et al. 2018

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Background: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective treatment for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder, and a temporary memory loss may occur after ECT. However, the association between ECT in patients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder, and the risk of dementia is yet to be examined.Objective: This study aimed to clarify as to whether ECT is associated with the risk of dementia after ECT in patients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder, using Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD).Methods: A total of 3,796 enrolled participants (schizophrenia, 46.68%; bipolar disorder, 11.77%; and major depressive disorder, 41.55%) with 994 patients who had received ECT and 2,982 controls matched for sex and age, between January 1, and December 31, 2000, were selected from the NHIRD. After adjusting for confounding factors, Fine and Gray's survival analysis was used to compare the risk of developing dementia during the 10 years of follow-up.Results: Of the study patients, 45 (4.53%) of them developed dementia when compared to 149 (5.0%) in the control group. Fine and Gray's survival analysis revealed that the study patients were not associated with an increased risk of dementia [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.612, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.438–1.854, P = 0.325]. After adjusting for sex, age, monthly income, urbanization level, geographic region, and comorbidities, the adjusted HR was 0.633 (95% CI = 0.448 – 1.895, P = 0.304).Conclusion: This study supports that ECT was not associated with the increased risk of dementia in patients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder, using the NHIRD.

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“…5 A further important finding is that latent TB is associated with an increased risk of developing cancer. 6 If a patient has evidence of active TB infection, such as pulmonary signs and symptoms and an abnormal chest roentgenogram (CXR) with radiologic signs of active TB infection or clinically evident extra-pulmonary involvement, treatment is indicated. Uveitis associated with evidence of active infection may indicate direct ocular involvement by TB organisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%