Latent subgroups of cognitive performance in lead- and manganese-exposed Uruguayan children: Examining behavioral signatures

Frndak, Seth; Barg, Gabriel; Canfield, Richard L.; Quierolo, Elena I.; Mañáy, Nelly; Kordas, Katarzyna

doi:10.1016/j.neuro.2019.04.004

Cited by 21 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…There were 35 studies concerning children over 6 years old, and these also measured manganese in related biomarkers, such as hair ( n = 24) [ 6 – 8 , 15 , 16 , 21 , 22 , 43 , 45 , 46 , 49 , 51 – 54 , 59 – 63 , 65 – 68 ], blood ( n = 17) [ 6 , 7 , 9 , 21 , 44 , 49 , 52 , 53 , 56 – 60 , 63 – 65 , 67 ], teeth ( n = 5) [ 42 , 47 , 48 , 50 , 55 ], saliva, toe nail [ 8 ] and urine [ 60 ]. One study could be included when using more than one biomarker, as was the case in New Brunswick (Canada), which measured manganese in hair, saliva and toe nail [ 8 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Haynes et al (2015) also found that compared with the middle two quartiles, the lowest quartiles of H-Mn (< 0.21 μg/g) was associated with significantly lower mean perceptual reasoning scores [52]. Similarly, one cross-sectional study revealed a positive association between H-Mn and cognitive function in children aged at 6-8 years, with a low median concentration of Mn in hair (0.82 ng/g) [51]. No significant associations were found in three studies in terms of cognitive functions [8,59,66] and behavioral performance [59], with the average of manganese in hair ranged from 0.17 μg/g to 0.3 μg/g.…”

Section: Manganese In Biomarkers and Neurodevelopmental Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Biomarkers of environmental manganese exposure and associations with childhood neurodevelopment: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Liu

Xin

et al. 2020

Environ Health

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Background Although prior studies showed a correlation between environmental manganese (Mn) exposure and neurodevelopmental disorders in children, the results have been inconclusive. There has yet been no consistent biomarker of environmental Mn exposure. Here, we summarized studies that investigated associations between manganese in biomarkers and childhood neurodevelopment and suggest a reliable biomarker. Methods We searched PubMed and Web of Science for potentially relevant articles published until December 31th 2019 in English. We also conducted a meta-analysis to quantify the effects of manganese exposure on Intelligence Quotient (IQ) and the correlations of manganese in different indicators. Results Of 1754 citations identified, 55 studies with 13,388 subjects were included. Evidence from cohort studies found that higher manganese exposure had a negative effect on neurodevelopment, mostly influencing cognitive and motor skills in children under 6 years of age, as indicated by various metrics. Results from cross-sectional studies revealed that elevated Mn in hair (H-Mn) and drinking water (W-Mn), but not blood (B-Mn) or teeth (T-Mn), were associated with poorer cognitive and behavioral performance in children aged 6–18 years old. Of these cross-sectional studies, most papers reported that the mean of H-Mn was more than 0.55 μg/g. The meta-analysis concerning H-Mn suggested that a 10-fold increase in hair manganese was associated with a decrease of 2.51 points (95% confidence interval (CI), − 4.58, − 0.45) in Full Scale IQ, while the meta-analysis of B-Mn and W-Mn generated no such significant effects. The pooled correlation analysis revealed that H-Mn showed a more consistent correlation with W-Mn than B-Mn. Results regarding sex differences of manganese associations were inconsistent, although the preliminary meta-analysis found that higher W-Mn was associated with better Performance IQ only in boys, at a relatively low water manganese concentrations (most below 50 μg/L). Conclusions Higher manganese exposure is adversely associated with childhood neurodevelopment. Hair is the most reliable indicator of manganese exposure for children at 6–18 years of age. Analysis of the publications demonstrated sex differences in neurodevelopment upon manganese exposure, although a clear pattern has not yet been elucidated for this facet of our study.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Manganese In Biomarkers and Neurodevelopmental Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Biomarkers of environmental manganese exposure and associations with childhood neurodevelopment: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Liu

Xin

et al. 2020

Environ Health

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“…The present study is a post hoc analysis of data from the Salud Ambiental Montevideo (SAM) study, originally designed to examine metal exposure, including arsenic, cadmium, and manganese among school-age children in Montevideo, Uruguay [ 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ]. A total of 357 first-grade children out of 673 eligible children were recruited from elementary schools in locations with suspected or confirmed metal contamination, as previously described [ 36 , 37 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seven tests in the cognitive battery were conducted: verbal comprehension, visual–auditory learning, spatial relations, sound blending, concept formation, visual matching, and reversed numbers. Each subtest yields a sex- and age-standardized score, called the W score, as described previously [ 34 ]. General intellectual ability (GIA) was measured as a weighted composite of the 7 test scores.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrethroid and Chlorpyrifos Pesticide Exposure, General Intellectual Abilities, and Executive Functions of School Children from Montevideo, Uruguay

Rodríguez

Barg

Queirolo

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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Children’s developing brains are susceptible to pesticides. Less is known about the effect of exposure to chlorpyrifos and pyrethroids on executive functions (EF). We measured urinary 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy), a metabolite of chlorpyrifos, and urinary 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA), a general, nonspecific metabolite of pyrethroids in first-grade children from Montevideo, Uruguay (n = 241, age 80.6 ± 6.4 months, 58.1% boys). EFs were assessed with the Intra-dimensional/Extra-dimensional shift (IED), Spatial Span (SSP), and Stockings of Cambridge (SOC) tests from the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated (CANTAB) Battery. General intellectual ability (GIA) was assessed using the Woodcock–Muñoz Cognitive battery. Median (range) urinary TCPy and 3-PBA levels were 16.7 (1.9, 356.9) ng/mg of creatinine and 3.3 (0.3, 110.6) ng/mg of creatinine, respectively. In multivariable generalized linear models, urinary TCPy was inversely associated with postdimensional errors on the IED task β [95% CI]: −0.11 [−0.17, −0.06]. Urinary 3-PBA was inversely associated with the total number of trials −0.07 [−0.10, −0.04], and the total number of errors −0.12 [−0.18, −0.07] on the IED task. When TCPy and 3-PBA were modeled together, the associations did not differ from single-metabolite models. We found no evidence of effect modification by blood lead level (BLL). Pesticide exposure may affect EF performance in urban children.

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“…Even infants aged less than six months with prenatal exposure to Pb elicited strong neurobehavioral abnormalities [ 28 ]. Other aspects of child intelligence that are adversely affected by pre- and post-natal exposure to Pb include reading/language and arithmetic skills [ 56 , 71 , 72 , 73 ], nonverbal reasoning [ 32 ], reaction times [ 72 ], visual–auditory integration, visual–motor integration, and fine motor skills [ 71 , 74 , 75 ], as well as short term memory [ 7 , 70 , 71 , 72 ]. Lastly, a prospective cohort study in a New Zealand population born in 1972–1973 with possibly the longest follow-up period (four decades) to assess the effects of early-life Pb exposure confirmed the persistent effects of childhood Pb exposure, as indicated by a strong correlation between childhood BLLs with deficits in cognitive functions (perceptual reasoning, working memory, and IQ) and decline in socioeconomic status at 38 years [ 76 ].…”

Section: Pb Neurotoxicity In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

(Ascorb)ing Pb Neurotoxicity in the Developing Brain

Ahmad

Liu

2020

Antioxidants

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Lead (Pb) neurotoxicity is a major concern, particularly in children. Developmental exposure to Pb can alter neurodevelopmental trajectory and has permanent neuropathological consequences, including an increased vulnerability to further stressors. Ascorbic acid is among most researched antioxidant nutrients and has a special role in maintaining redox homeostasis in physiological and physio-pathological brain states. Furthermore, because of its capacity to chelate metal ions, ascorbic acid may particularly serve as a potent therapeutic agent in Pb poisoning. The present review first discusses the major consequences of Pb exposure in children and then proceeds to present evidence from human and animal studies for ascorbic acid as an efficient ameliorative supplemental nutrient in Pb poisoning, with a particular focus on developmental Pb neurotoxicity. In doing so, it is hoped that there is a revitalization for further research on understanding the brain functions of this essential, safe, and readily available vitamin in physiological states, as well to justify and establish it as an effective neuroprotective and modulatory factor in the pathologies of the nervous system, including developmental neuropathologies.

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Latent subgroups of cognitive performance in lead- and manganese-exposed Uruguayan children: Examining behavioral signatures

Cited by 21 publications

References 88 publications

Biomarkers of environmental manganese exposure and associations with childhood neurodevelopment: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Biomarkers of environmental manganese exposure and associations with childhood neurodevelopment: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Pyrethroid and Chlorpyrifos Pesticide Exposure, General Intellectual Abilities, and Executive Functions of School Children from Montevideo, Uruguay

(Ascorb)ing Pb Neurotoxicity in the Developing Brain

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