Latent inhibition in preweanling rats

Kraemer, Philipp J.; Randall, Christopher K.

doi:10.3758/bf03327166

Cited by 11 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The well-known phenomenon of latent inhibition, for example, occurs when prior independent experience with the CS diminishes the effectiveness of subsequent CS–US pairings to establish a learned association (Lubow, 1973). Latent inhibition has been demonstrated in rats after the time of weaning (about 21 days old) and has been reported as early as 17–18 days of age (Kraemer & Randall, 1992; Rudy, 1994) or even 10 days of age (Hoffman & Spear, 1989) under certain conditions. Some reports have suggested, though, that preexposures may have the reverse effect of facilitating conditioning in younger animals (Kucharski & Spear, 1985).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stimulus contingencies that permit classical conditioning of opioid activity in the rat fetus.

Robinson¹,

Smotherman²

1997

Behavioral Neuroscience

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In a prenatal model of classical conditioning, rat fetuses received presentations of an artificial nipple (conditioned stimulus; CS) paired with milk (unconditioned stimulus). Infusion of milk promotes activity in the kappa opioid system of the fetus, but after 2, 3, or 6 pairings with the artificial nipple, milk evoked both kappa and mu opioid activity. The nipple CS has no effect on opioid activity, but after pairing with milk evoked a mu opioid response. Conditioned mu opioid activity was evident in 60% of subjects tested after 1 paired conditioning trial. Significantly more fetal subjects (90%) exhibited conditioned opioid activity if preexposed to the nipple twice before conditioning. CS preexposure altered behavior during the conditioning trial, with preexposed fetuses showing more pronounced responses to milk infusion. Exposure to familiar stimuli facilitates classical conditioning of physiological responses, including opioid activity, during the first suckling episode.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stimulus contingencies that permit classical conditioning of opioid activity in the rat fetus.

Robinson¹,

Smotherman²

1997

Behavioral Neuroscience

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“…For the 10-day-old rats, however, the results depended on the amount of preexposure given—a facilitation of conditioning was observed following 15 preexposure trials, and an impairment in conditioning after 45 preexposure trials. One study that did not reveal an effect of age on latent inhibition in rats was reported by Kraemer and Randall (1992, Experiment 1). They gave 17- and 21-day-old rats trials in which a light-tone compound CS was paired with footshock after either 20 or 0 preexposures to the compound CS alone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A developmental trajectory of latent inhibition.

Mah,

Haselgrove

2024

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cogniti

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Latent inhibition is said to occur when learning about the relationship between a cue and an outcome proceeds more readily when the cue is novel relative to when the cue has been rendered familiar through mere preexposure. Previous studies suggest that latent inhibition, while evident in 4- to 5-year-old children, is attenuated or even absent in older children. There are, however, acknowledged shortcomings associated with previous demonstrations of this effect, which we attempted to overcome using a letter prediction task that has been employed in recent studies of latent inhibition in adults. One hundred and seventy-five 4- to 14-year-old children and 175 young adults completed a letter prediction task, with a latent inhibition manipulation embedded within it. Using developmental trajectory analysis we found, contrary to other studies, an increase in the magnitude of latent inhibition as children age, with the effect becoming significant when children were around 6.7 years of age. Model comparison revealed that a linear function best described the relationship between latent inhibition and age. We discuss these findings in the context of theories of learning and attention, and consider the role of concurrent task type as a factor that determines the developmental trajectory of latent inhibition.

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