Latent classes of smartphone dependency trajectories and predictors of classes among middle school students in South Korea

Kim, Eunjoo; Jo, Juhyun; Song, Min Kyung

doi:10.1016/j.pedn.2023.08.013

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The age-related increase in smartphone dependency, consistent with previous research findings [21], underscores the need to explore the factors associated with this increase. In previous research, it has been suggested that the increase in smartphone dependency among early adolescents could be attributed to rising stress factors, such as pressure or anxiety, leading individuals to rely more on smartphones as a means of alleviating these stresses [21]. In this study, we hypothesized that the increasing trend in smartphone dependency may be related to the declining trend in exercise, partly because exercise is a prominent means of stress relief.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Notably, smartphone dependency displayed an increasing trend with age. The escalating smartphone usage and dependency among adolescents are causing significant global concern due to their adverse effects on psychological and behavioral aspects [16][17][18][19][20][21]. The age-related increase in smartphone dependency, consistent with previous research findings [21], underscores the need to explore the factors associated with this increase.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…The escalating smartphone usage and dependency among adolescents are causing significant global concern due to their adverse effects on psychological and behavioral aspects [16][17][18][19][20][21]. The age-related increase in smartphone dependency, consistent with previous research findings [21], underscores the need to explore the factors associated with this increase. In previous research, it has been suggested that the increase in smartphone dependency among early adolescents could be attributed to rising stress factors, such as pressure or anxiety, leading individuals to rely more on smartphones as a means of alleviating these stresses [21].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…According to a study by Yoo [20], smartphone dependency is identified as a significant social issue negatively affecting psychological and behavioral aspects. In addition, it is particularly prominent among adolescents, and there is a growing trend in the number of students excessively reliant on smartphones [21]. A study conducted with Canadian adolescents underscored the negative impact of excessive smartphone use on their mental health [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Longitudinal Mediating Effect of Smartphone Dependency on the Relationship between Exercise Time and Subjective Happiness in Adolescents

Kim,

Ahn

2023

Healthcare

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The phenomenon of adolescents engaging in less physical activity as they age raises several concerns. Among these, we hypothesized that this trend may negatively impact their mental health and smartphone dependency. Thus, the aim of this study was to longitudinally examine the mediating effect of smartphone dependency in the relationship between adolescents’ exercise time and subjective well-being. For analysis, publicly available data from the 2018 Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey were utilized, with a total of 2,242 participants’ data included in the analysis. Latent growth modeling results revealed a significant linear decrease in adolescents’ exercise time and subjective well-being each year, while smartphone dependency exhibited an increasing trend. Furthermore, the significance tests of indirect effects indicated that the mediating effect of the changing trend in smartphone dependency between the changing trends in exercise time and subjective happiness in adolescents was statistically significant. These findings suggest that as grade levels increase, reducing exercise time can lead to higher smartphone dependency among adolescents, ultimately resulting in decreased subjective well-being.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Longitudinal Mediating Effect of Smartphone Dependency on the Relationship between Exercise Time and Subjective Happiness in Adolescents

Kim,

Ahn

2023

Healthcare

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Translational research – Reducing the challenges of caregiving and managing children's chronic conditions

Christian

2023

Journal of Pediatric Nursing

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Smartphone dependency latent profile classification and association with emotional and behavioral difficulties among high school students in Korea

Kim,

Song

2024

Res Community Public Health Nurs

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Purpose: The pervasive integration of smartphones into adolescents’ daily lives has resulted in a concerning upsurge in smartphone dependency among high school students. Due to the diverse types and severity levels of smartphone dependency, there is a critical need for research to explore its heterogeneity. This study aimed to identify latent profile of smartphone dependency in high school students based on the four subdomains of smartphone dependency: disturbance of adaptive functions, virtual life orientation, withdrawal, and tolerance. In addition, we explored how emotional and behavioral difficulties differ according to the profiles. Methods: We used data from 2,195 Korean high school students from the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey 2018. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was performed to identify smartphone dependency latent profile. Statistical analysis including chi-square test, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and ranked Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) confirmed differences in smartphone use characteristics and emotional-behavioral difficulties according to the classified latent profile. Results: LPA identified four distinct latent profiles of smartphone dependency among high school students; 1) Underdependent type, 2) Moderate type, 3) Habitual user type, and 4) Virtual space dependent type. The results of ranked ANCOVA, controlling for gender, geographical location, economic status, parental smartphone dependency, and relational variables, revealed that habitual user type exhibited significantly higher rates of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, social withdrawal, and depressive symptoms compared to other types. Conclusion: The identification of these profiles provides a foundation for developing tailored intervention programs for adolescents with different levels and patterns of smartphone dependency.

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Latent classes of smartphone dependency trajectories and predictors of classes among middle school students in South Korea

Cited by 3 publications

References 39 publications

The Longitudinal Mediating Effect of Smartphone Dependency on the Relationship between Exercise Time and Subjective Happiness in Adolescents

The Longitudinal Mediating Effect of Smartphone Dependency on the Relationship between Exercise Time and Subjective Happiness in Adolescents

Translational research – Reducing the challenges of caregiving and managing children's chronic conditions

Smartphone dependency latent profile classification and association with emotional and behavioral difficulties among high school students in Korea

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