“…These methods allow to obtain better understanding on the heterogeneity within AUD by distinguishing subgroups of individuals where members within each identified class show similar profiles and combinations of psychopathological comorbidity. Among individuals with AUD either from treatment seeking or general population samples, previous studies have identified three to five distinct subgroups based on indicator variables assessing co-occurring psychopathological symptom levels or disorder presence ( Glass et al, 2014 , Müller et al, 2019 , Urbanoski et al, 2015 , Villalobos-Gallegos et al, 2017 , Wallen et al, 2019 ). These studies have been conflicting in terms of the observed differences between the identified latent classes: quantitative (e.g., parallel and severity-based psychopathological symptom profiles; Villalobos-Gallegos et al, 2017 ) and qualitative differences have been suggested between the psychopathology-based subgroups (e.g., classes with mainly externalizing and internalizing comorbidity; Glass et al, 2014 ).…”