Late Weichselian environmental change in southern Sweden and Denmark

Berglund, Björn; Björck, Svante; Lemdahl, Geoffrey; Bergsten, Helene; Nordberg, Kjell; Kolstrup, Else

doi:10.1002/jqs.3390090206

Cited by 88 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In addition, we use the rise of Betula (birch) pollen that we regard as a reliable, local correlation horizon. From other studies the Betula rise is found close to the YD-Holocene boundary (Kristiansen et al, 1988;Paus, 1989;Berglund et al, 1994;Bondevik and Mangerud, 2002). In the present study we show that in the Os area, the rise in Betula pollen was slightly delayed compared with the onset of the warming at the YD-Holocene boundary, and a calendar year age estimate for the Betula rise is presented.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Calendar year age estimates of Allerød–Younger Dryas sea‐level oscillations at Os, western Norway

Lohne¹,

Bondevik²,

Mangerud³

et al. 2004

J Quaternary Science

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Abstract:A detailed shoreline displacement curve documents the Younger Dryas transgression in western Norway. The relative sea-level rise was more than 9m in an area which subsequently experienced an emergence of almost 60 m. The sea-level curve is based on the stratigraphy of six isolation basins with bedrock thresholds. Effort has been made to establish an accurate chronology using a calendar year time-scale by 14C wiggle matching and the use of time synchronic markers (the Vedde Ash Bed and the postglacial rise in Betula (birch) pollen). The sea-level curve demonstrates that the Younger Dryas transgression started close to the Allerød-Younger Dryas transition and that the high stand was reached only 200 yr before the Younger Dryas-Holocene boundary. The sea level remained at the high stand for about 300 yr and 100 yr into Holocene it started to fall rapidly. The peak of the Younger Dryas transgression occurred simultaneously with the maximum extent of the ice-sheet readvance in the area. Our results support earlier geophysical modelling concluding a causal relationship between the Younger Dryas glacier advance and Younger Dryas transgression in western Norway. We argue that the sea-level curve indicates that the Younger Dryas glacial advance started in the late Allerød or close to the Allerød-Younger Dryas transition.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Calendar year age estimates of Allerød–Younger Dryas sea‐level oscillations at Os, western Norway

Lohne¹,

Bondevik²,

Mangerud³

et al. 2004

J Quaternary Science

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“…Together with the well-represented Artemisia, Chenopodiaceae and Poaceae, significant similarities with the Late Weichselian steppe/tundra recorded from NW Europe to east of the Urals (e.g. [Berglund 1994]; [Birks 1994]; [Walker 1994]; Melles 1997 and; [Kondratiene 1998]; [Satkunas and Kondratiene 1998]) appear. Along this periglacial belt, macrofossils show that the wind-pollinated Artemisia had some local significance ( [Webb and Moore 1982]; [Kienast 2001]).…”

Section: The Late Weichselianmentioning

confidence: 77%

Late Weichselian (Valdaian) and Holocene vegetation and environmental history of the northern Timan Ridge, European Arctic Russia

Paus

Svendsen

Matiouchkov

2003

Quaternary Science Reviews

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Lake and peat deposits from the Timan Ridge, Arctic Russia, were pollen analysed, reconstructing the vegetation history and paleoenvironment since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) 20-18,000 years ago. The sites studied are located inside the margins of a large paleolake of about 20 km 2 , by us named Lake Timan. This lake developed in the Late Weichselian, more than 30,000 years after the deglaciation of this region, and was formed due to increased precipitation and warmer summers that accelerated the melting of stagnant ice within its catchment. The lake was drained during the early Holocene when the outlet rivers eroded the spillways. A new generation of much smaller lakes formed during the Holocene when the last remnants of buried glacier ice melted away causing the exposed floor of Lake Timan to subside. Since deglaciation, the following regional vegetation development has been recorded: (1) During the initial stage of Lake Timan, the dominant vegetation was discontinuous steppe/tundra, with patches of snow bed vegetation. (2) A dwarf-shrub tundra established during the Late Weichselian interstadial (Allerød), probably reflecting warmer and moister conditions. (3) The Younger Dryas cooling is recognised by a reversal to steppe/tundra and snowbeds on unstable mineral-soils, and higher palynological richness. (4) Soon after the transition into the Holocene, a birch-forest established on the Timan Ridge. (5) A cooling starting around 8200 cal.years BP initiated the deforestation of the exposed hills. In the most protected sites, birch trees persisted until later than 4000 years ago, reflecting a gradual development into the present treeless dwarf-shrub tundra.

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“…As pointed out by Berglund and Digerfeldt (1970) this may be due to abundant reworking of clay-rich till surrounding the basin. Although unanimous evidence exists of a gradual climatic cooling during late GI-1 in southern Scandinavia (Berglund et al, 1994;Hammarlund and Keen, 1994), the complacent isotopic records obtained on Pisidium within units 1-2 suggest largely constant climatic conditions at this stage. However, the clay gyttja of unit 2 seems to represent a substantial increase in aquatic productivity as reflected by the increased organic carbon content.…”

mentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Given well-documented evidence for a substantial decrease in air temperature (e.g. Berglund et al, 1994) (Dansgaard, 1964), if transferred directly to the lake water, would be opposed by carbonate-water equilibrium effects of ca. −0.25‰°C −1 (Craig, 1965), resulting in a potential sensitivity in the order of +0.45‰°C −1 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Climate and environment during the Younger Dryas (GS-1) as reflected by composite stable isotope records of lacustrine carbonates at Torreberga, southern Sweden

et al. 1999

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Late Weichselian environmental change in southern Sweden and Denmark

Cited by 88 publications

References 33 publications

Calendar year age estimates of Allerød–Younger Dryas sea‐level oscillations at Os, western Norway

Calendar year age estimates of Allerød–Younger Dryas sea‐level oscillations at Os, western Norway

Late Weichselian (Valdaian) and Holocene vegetation and environmental history of the northern Timan Ridge, European Arctic Russia

Climate and environment during the Younger Dryas (GS-1) as reflected by composite stable isotope records of lacustrine carbonates at Torreberga, southern Sweden

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