Late Triassic depositional history of the Richmond and Taylorsville basins, Eastern Virginia

Ressetar, R.; Taylor, G.K.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-42903-2.50022-1

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The dip angle of border faults is quite variable (figure 4.2), and the geometry of the border faults at depth is a matter of some controversy. Several workers have inferred that border faults are moderately to strongly listric, soling into detachments at midcrustal depths (e.g., Brown 1986;Bell, Karner, and Steckler 1988;Crespi 1988;de Boer and Clifton 1988;Manspeizer 1988;Manspeizer and Cousminer 1988;Ressetar and Taylor 1988;Root 1988Root , 1989Manspeizer et al 1989). In many instances, these inferences are based on reverse-drag or rollover stratal geometries, which are not necessarily diagnostic of listric faults (Shelton 1984;Barnett et al 1987;Gibson, Walsh, and Watterson 1989), or on unmigrated seismic reflection profiles.…”

Section: Structural Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to these basin-filling models, the fluviallacustrine transition is a consequence of the gradual growth of the basin in length and width. Other workers have interpreted the fluvial-lacustrine transition to reflect a "tectonic" event that deepened the basin and allowed a lake to form (e.g., Manspeizer 1988; Ressetar and Taylor 1988;Manspeizer et al 1989;Lambiase 1990). This explanation is somewhat unsatisfactory because the fluvial-lacustrine transition occurred at a different times in different basins, implying no re- . (a and b) Transverse hanging-wall onlap:…”

Section: Vertical Transitions and Basin-filling Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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4. Progress in Understanding the Structural Geology, Basin Evolution, and Tectonic History of the Eastern North American Rift System

Schlische¹,

LeTourneau²,

Olsen³

2003

The Great Rift Valleys of Pangea in Eastern North America

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F ive key developments have contributed significantly to our understanding of the structural geology, basin evolution, and tectonic history of the eastern North American rift system: 1. Acquisition of new data. Over the past two decades, regional and local geologic mapping, drilling and coring, and seismic reflection profiling have increased vastly our structural and tectonic database. It is now clear that these basins are predominantly halfgraben, with generally synthetic intrabasinal faults and fault-perpendicular folds that in many cases are related to fault segmentation.2. Role of preexisting structures. The rift system is located within the Appalachian orogen, and thus the border fault systems of the rift basins consist of reactivated structures. The attitude of the reactivated faults with respect to the rift-related extension direction controlled the nature of the reactivation (dip-slip dominated versus strike-slip dominated), which affected the amount of basin subsidence and types of associated structures. The uniform dip direction of preexisting faults over large areas accounts for the lack of halfgraben polarity reversals within rift zones (e.g., the Newark-Gettysburg-Culpeper rift zone).3. Application of fault-population studies. In the past 10 years, considerable progress has been made in our understanding of the geometry and scaling relationships of populations of normal fault systems. This information is directly applicable to rift basin structural geology in that half-graben are large, normal faultbounded basins. The most relevant features of normal fault systems to basin geometry are: (a) Displacement is greatest at or near the center of a normal fault and decreases systematically to the fault tips; displacement also decreases with distance perpendicular to the fault. (b) Normal fault systems are segmented, and many fault segment boundaries are areas of (at least temporary) displacement deficits. (c) As displacement builds up on a normal fault, the fault increases in length. Consequently, rift basins consist of scoop-shaped depressions that grow longer, wider, and deeper through time. In segmented border fault systems, the scoop-shaped subbasins are separated by intrabasinal highs.4. Integration of stratigraphy and structural geology. The sedimentary deposits of half-graben are influenced by basin geometry; consequently, stratigraphy can be used to infer aspects of basin evolution and structural geology. On a local scale, thickness variations of fixedperiod Milankovitch cycles are particularly useful for From: "The

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Section: Structural Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vertical Transitions and Basin-filling Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

4. Progress in Understanding the Structural Geology, Basin Evolution, and Tectonic History of the Eastern North American Rift System

Schlische¹,

LeTourneau²,

Olsen³

2003

The Great Rift Valleys of Pangea in Eastern North America

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“…Profile lines a (Fundy basin and Chignecto and Minas subbasins) and b (Fundy basin and subbasin) are adapted from Withjack et al (1995); c (Newark basin), revised interpretation based on Costain & Coruh (1989); d (Richmond basin), adapted from ; and e (Taylorsville basin), based on a variety of unpublished seismic profiles and Milici et al (1991). Taylor 1988, Mickus et al 1988. However, recently proposed models of the sedimentological effects of faulting within half graben argue that an increase in faulting would produce a retreat of alluvial fans owing to lakes ponding against the tilting depositional surface and the increase in accommodation space (Blair & Bilodeau 1988).…”

Section: Tectonic Control Of Basin Facies and Sequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stratigraphic Record of the Early Mesozoic Breakup of Pangea in the Laurasia-Gondwana Rift System

Olsen

1997

Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci.

298

226

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Rift basins of the Central Atlantic Margins (CAM) of North America and Morocco preserve largely continental sequences of sedimentary strata and less important minor basalt flows spanning much of the early Mesozoic. The best known is the Newark basin of New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania where an astronomically calibrated magnetic polarity time scale is developed. Lacustrine cycles of Milankovitch origin are commonly present in CAM basins, with the period changing from 10 ky (paleoequator with coals), to 20 ky (4 •-10 • N), to perhaps 40 ky northward with evaporites. Cycles of ∼100 ky, 413 ky, and ∼2 my are also important. Four mostly unconformity-bounded tectonostratigraphic sequences are present. The Anisian TS I is fluvial and eolian. TS II-TS IV (Late Triassic to Early Jurassic) consist of "tripartite" lacustrine sequences caused by extension pulses. The Newark basin accumulation rate history allows comparison with quantitative rift basin models. The North American plate's slow northward drift resulted in a relative shift of climate, although the rapid humidification during the latest Triassic and Early Jurassic is associated with a sea-level rise. The Triassic-Jurassic mass extinction is of independent origin, plausibly impact related.

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“…However, there is no sedimentologic evidence for deposition within a long-lived, deep-water lake system. Most of the data suggest that sedimentation occurred in fluvial and shallow lacustrine settings (Ressetar & Taylor 1988). The hydrologic balance was such that inflow was greater than evaporation (Olsen 1990).…”

Section: Richmond Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

A survey of rift basin source rocks

Katz¹

1995

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Various studies reveal that rift basins contain a disproportionate amount of petroleum based on their area and sediment volume. In part, this results from the excellent petroleum source rocks found in many of these basins. The presence of these sources not only influences the petroleum potential of the rift sequence, but may also influence the petroleum potential the post-rift succession. These high quality source rocks can be partially explained by the low width:depth ratios and high subsidence rates associated with rift basins. However, not all rifts contain these organic-rich deposits, nor are all the organic-rich deposits volumetrically significant. Other factors, such as climate and sedimentation rate, strongly influence the deposition of these organic-rich sediments. Within individual basins sub-basins may display dramatically different oil-vs gas-prone tendencies due to different subsidence rates. High subsidence rates favour oil source rock development, while low subsidence rates favour gas source development. Many, but not all, of these petroleum source rock systems are lacustrine. Restricted marine source rocks are also present within rift sequences. This study focuses on three elements of rift basin source rocks: (1) their distribution; (2) the factors controlling their deposition, distribution and quality; and (3) their geochemical attributes.

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Late Triassic depositional history of the Richmond and Taylorsville basins, Eastern Virginia

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

4. Progress in Understanding the Structural Geology, Basin Evolution, and Tectonic History of the Eastern North American Rift System

4. Progress in Understanding the Structural Geology, Basin Evolution, and Tectonic History of the Eastern North American Rift System

Stratigraphic Record of the Early Mesozoic Breakup of Pangea in the Laurasia-Gondwana Rift System

A survey of rift basin source rocks

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