Late third‐millennium elite burials in Bahrain

Højlund, Flemming; Hilton, Anna; Juel, Christian; Kirkeby, Nanna; Laursen, Steffen Terp; Nielsen, Lars E.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0471.2008.00299.x

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In two recent articles it was suggested, on the basis of newly discovered ring‐encircled mounds of so‐called Early Type, that a prominent social elite emerged on Bahrain as early as the late third millennium, c. 2200 BC (Højlund et al 2008; Laursen 2008). A possible increase in the size of these early elite mounds over time was seen as a reflection of growing social complexity from c. 2200 BC onwards.…”

Section: Social Evolution In Early Dilmunmentioning

confidence: 99%

The decline of Magan and the rise of Dilmun: Umm an‐Nar ceramics from the burial mounds of Bahrain, c.2250–2000 BC

Laursen

2009

Arab Archaeol Epigr

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This article outlines some general aspects of the Magan and Dilmun trade and goes on to examine the Umm an‐Nar pottery discovered in the tombs of the Early Dilmun burial mounds of Bahrain. These ceramics are of particular interest because they indirectly testify to Dilmun’s contact with Magan in the late third millennium. In this article, thirty vessels of seven morphological types are singled out. By comparison with the material published from the Oman peninsula the Bahrain collection is tentatively dated to c.2250–2000 BC. The location of the Umm an‐Nar pottery within the distribution of burial mounds reveals that its import was strongly associated with the scattered mounds of Early Type. It is demonstrated that the frequency of Umm an‐Nar pottery declined just as the ten compact cemeteries emerged c.2050 BC. The observed patterns are seen as a response to the decline of Magan and the rise of Dilmun.

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Section: Social Evolution In Early Dilmunmentioning

confidence: 99%

The decline of Magan and the rise of Dilmun: Umm an‐Nar ceramics from the burial mounds of Bahrain, c.2250–2000 BC

Laursen

2009

Arab Archaeol Epigr

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“…In a similar fashion, albeit at a considerably larger scale, the monumental funerary landscapes of Bahrain during the Early Dilmun I-II period (ca. 2200-1800 BC), studied through extensive aerial surveys and large-scale excavations, show increasing nucleation around the royal cemetery of A'ali, mirroring processes of sedentarization, vertical hierarchization and centralization taking place in settlements for the living (Højlund, 2007;Højlund et al, 2008;Kveiborg, 2007;Laursen & Johansen, 2007;Laursen, 2008;Magee, 2014, p. 164).…”

Section: Discussion: Remote Sensing Monumental Funerary Landscapes and Social Organization In Semi-arid Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monumental funerary landscapes of Dhar Tagant (south‐eastern Mauritania): Towards ethical satellite remote sensing in the West African Sahel

Linares‐Matás

Lim

2021

Archaeological Prospection

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The remembrance of the dead is a ubiquitous dimension of most human societies, and the spatial dimension of mortuary practices actively constitutes an essential element of the cultural significance of certain places in the landscape. The visual prominence of stone-built funerary monuments in dry upland areas is particularly conducive to their multiscalar study through above-ground remote sensing methods.In this paper, we characterize the nature and distribution of Late Holocene drystone funerary monuments in the Dhar Tagant region of south-eastern Mauritania using freely available, very high-resolution (VHR) satellite imagery. We contextualize them in relation to the monumental mortuary records of Senegal and Mali within the West African Sahel, exploring their similarities and differences with other monumental funerary landscapes in semi-arid environments. Ethical considerations and a selfreflective attitude must be at the forefront of archaeological research, and we discuss the ethics of remote sensing research in the study of funerary practices in Africa, as well as the opportunities and challenges for remote collaborative engagement with local communities in the context of fieldwork restrictions.

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“…319–323, figs. 454–455), where they are associated with the highest late 3rd millennium chiefly elite and their outer‐ring‐wall encircled (Højlund et al, 2008; Laursen, 2008), burial mounds of Early Type (Laursen, 2017, p. 319). However, further west and north on the Arabian Peninsula, burial mounds with cruciform‐shaped chambers seem to be a characteristic of possible Amorite Dilmun‐related communities.…”

Section: Links To the Early Dilmun Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

From Dilmun to Wādī al‐Fāw: A forgotten desert corridor, c. 2000 BC

Laursen

al‐Otaibi

2022

Arab Archaeol Epigr

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There is a lacuna of knowledge on the inland trade routes across Bronze Age central Arabia, which this article seeks to fill based on new evidence from Wādī al‐Fāw, Saudi Arabia. Contrary to a common belief that interior Southeast Arabia after the Holocene Humid Phase and until the domestication of the dromedary had turned desolate Badlands, this study offers documentation that during the early Bronze Age, a commercial corridor connected the Kingdom of Dilmun on the Arabian Gulf coast with the southern parts of Saudi Arabia, probably Yemen. Seals of Dilmun Type, Dilmun pottery and related burial praxis make up the gist of the evidence from Wādī al‐Fāw. A dry mummification mound burial custom is possibly identified at al‐Fāw and probably Taymāʾ, which contrasts the classic Dilmun mound burial custom. An attempt is made to reconstruct the most likely route that connected Dilmun and Wādī al‐Fāw. The emergence around 2000 BC of this trade network, likely based on donkey trains, closely coincides with the rise of the Kingdom of Dilmun, but surprisingly also with a time when Arabia witnessed unusually arid conditions. Identification of this unexpected ancient corridor should profoundly affect how upcoming models consider linguistic, ideological, genetic, cultural and technological transmission across Bronze Age Arabia.

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Late third‐millennium elite burials in Bahrain

Cited by 8 publications

References 2 publications

The decline of Magan and the rise of Dilmun: Umm an‐Nar ceramics from the burial mounds of Bahrain, c.2250–2000 BC

The decline of Magan and the rise of Dilmun: Umm an‐Nar ceramics from the burial mounds of Bahrain, c.2250–2000 BC

Monumental funerary landscapes of Dhar Tagant (south‐eastern Mauritania): Towards ethical satellite remote sensing in the West African Sahel

From Dilmun to Wādī al‐Fāw: A forgotten desert corridor, c. 2000 BC

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