Late Quaternary river incision rates and rock uplift pattern of the eastern Qilian Shan Mountain, China

Pan, Baotian; Hu, Xiaofei; Gao, Hongshan; Hu, Zhenbo; Cao, Bo; Geng, Haopeng; Li, Qingyang

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2012.11.020

Cited by 52 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Flights of fluvial terraces are well preserved along the channels. Our previous studies (Pan et al, 2001(Pan et al, , 2003(Pan et al, , 2007(Pan et al, , 2013 indicate that streams experience $2 times differential rock uplift when drain across the different topographic zones.…”

Section: Eastern Qilian Mountain Field Sitementioning

confidence: 95%

“…Topography in this area exhibits a pronounced stepwise distribution with the maximum height near the crests and gradually decreasing toward the range front. From the south to the north, it can be divided into three different topographic zones (Pan et al, 2013) ( Fig. 1): the high mountain zone (HMZ, 3700-5000 m), the lower mountain zone (LMZ, 2500-3200 m), and the corridor plain zone (CPZ, 1500 m) which is generally regarded as a natural local baselevel for the streams originated from the mountain area (Fig.…”

Section: Eastern Qilian Mountain Field Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although we have carried out extensive researches of river incision rates by chronology of fluvial terraces, the survey locations are relatively discrete and sparse attributing to the preservation and accessibility of the terraces (Pan et al, 2001(Pan et al, , 2003(Pan et al, , 2007(Pan et al, , 2013.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bedrock channels response to differential rock uplift in eastern Qilian Mountain along the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau

Pan

et al. 2015

Journal of Asian Earth Sciences

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Section: Eastern Qilian Mountain Field Sitementioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Eastern Qilian Mountain Field Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

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Bedrock channels response to differential rock uplift in eastern Qilian Mountain along the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau

Pan

et al. 2015

Journal of Asian Earth Sciences

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“…4). According to the relatively thick loess accumulation on the Dahe terraces and the previous loess studies in the Qilian Shan (Pan et al, 2013a;Zhang et al, 2015), we choose the method of OSL dating of the loess and fluvial deposits to constrain the age of the fluvial terrace.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3) from four terrace levels (T2, T3, T4, and T5) and the Fs to determine their ages. Most of the loess samples were collected from the bottom of loess deposits overlying the fluvial gravels; therefore, the OSL date of the loess Fluvial terrace deformation in a young intramontane basin, NE Tibet | RESEARCH provides a minimum age for the time of the river incision, and the terrace surface was abandoned (Pan et al, 2013a). In sampling, a 25-cm-long stainless steel tube was hammered horizontally into the original loess and/or fluvial sediments across the newly excavated vertical section to collect samples.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Folded fluvial terraces in a young, actively deforming intramontane basin between the Yumu Shan and the Qilian Shan mountains, NE Tibet

Pan

Fan

et al. 2017

Lithosphere

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Intramontane basins in actively deforming regions contain significant information about the evolution of orogenic belts. We explored the tectonic characteristics and evolution of an intramontane basin between the Qilian Shan and Yumu Shan mountains on the NE Tibetan Plateau. We utilized the deformation of fluvial terraces along the Dahe River to constrain the rate and pattern of Quaternary deformation across the basin. Fluvial landforms include a widespread Mid-Pleistocene alluvial-fluvial fan surface and five terrace levels inset below this surface. We dated deposits associated with these landforms by optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) analyses on eolian loess and fluvial sediments. Our results yield ages of 142.8 ± 11.3 ka (Fs), 103-125 ka (T5), 96-115 ka (T4), 87-104 ka (T3), and 13-15 ka (T2), which we interpret to reflect the abandonment of fluvial terrace surfaces. Elevation surveys indicate that the terrace surfaces are folded along the Dahe anticline and are gently tilted northward across the basin. Analysis of terrace deformation suggests that the Dahe anticline grew by limb rotation and accommodated upper-crustal shortening at a rate of 0.14 +0.14/−0.03 mm/a. We determined the onset of deformation to have occurred between 0.3 and 0.9 Ma, based on the rotation rate of the southern limb of the anticline. This age is significantly younger than the onset ages of the thrust faults along the Qilian Shan (ca. 10 Ma) and the Yumu Shan (ca. 3.7 Ma). The character of the terrace deformation suggests that the Dahe anticline was growing from a south-dipping décollement, which also induced surface tilting across the entire basin. The Late Quaternary activation of the Dahe anticline folding and the detachment slipping provide evidence that the deformation of the intramontane basin occurred much later than that of the surrounding mountain ranges and accommodated part of the crustal shortening through basin narrowing.

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Late Quaternary incision rates in the Vésubie catchment area (Southern French Alps) from in situ-produced³⁶Cl cosmogenic nuclide dating: Tectonic and climatic implications

Saillard

Petit

Rolland

et al. 2014

J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf.

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We have estimated recent river incision rates using the in situ-produced 36 Cl cosmogenic nuclide concentrations. The target site consists of a~25 m high vertical profile along a polished river cliff located in Jurassic limestones in the Vésubie catchment area, in the southern French Alps. The 36Cl exposure ages of the sampled river polished surface range from 3 to 14 ka, i.e., after the Last Glacial Maximum. Our data suggest as a first approximation a linear age/height relationship and lead to a mean incision rate of 2.2 mm a À1 over the last 14 ka. More precisely, incision rates are characterized by two peaks reaching~2 and 4-5 mm a À1 at 4-5 ka and 11-12 ka, respectively, separated by a period experiencing a lower incision rate (~1 mm a À1). A chi-plot of the river longitudinal profile suggests that on the long term, the river is close to equilibrium conditions with a concavity index of 0.475. The evolution of the Vésubie River longitudinal profile over a time period of 2 Ma based on the stream power law of river incision was then modeled with varying erodibility coefficients and uplift rates ranging from 0.5 to 2 mm a À1. The best fitting models yield erodibility coefficient values ranging from 2.5 to 9.0 × 10 À6 m À0.475 a À1 for the considered uplift rates. For long-term uplift rates lower than 2 mm a À1 , an increase of the erodibility coefficient during the last 16 ka, with two peaks at 11-12 and 4-5 ka, is necessary to precisely match the observed incision rates and is interpreted as resulting from recent climatic changes. These variations do not strongly affect the general shape of the river profile and suggest that the measured short-term incision rate is dominated by a climatic signal, which does not preclude the possible role of tectonic uplift.

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Late Quaternary river incision rates and rock uplift pattern of the eastern Qilian Shan Mountain, China

Cited by 52 publications

References 61 publications

Bedrock channels response to differential rock uplift in eastern Qilian Mountain along the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau

Bedrock channels response to differential rock uplift in eastern Qilian Mountain along the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau

Folded fluvial terraces in a young, actively deforming intramontane basin between the Yumu Shan and the Qilian Shan mountains, NE Tibet

Late Quaternary incision rates in the Vésubie catchment area (Southern French Alps) from in situ-produced³⁶Cl cosmogenic nuclide dating: Tectonic and climatic implications

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Late Quaternary river incision rates and rock uplift pattern of the eastern Qilian Shan Mountain, China

Cited by 52 publications

References 61 publications

Bedrock channels response to differential rock uplift in eastern Qilian Mountain along the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau

Bedrock channels response to differential rock uplift in eastern Qilian Mountain along the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau

Folded fluvial terraces in a young, actively deforming intramontane basin between the Yumu Shan and the Qilian Shan mountains, NE Tibet

Late Quaternary incision rates in the Vésubie catchment area (Southern French Alps) from in situ-produced36Cl cosmogenic nuclide dating: Tectonic and climatic implications

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Late Quaternary incision rates in the Vésubie catchment area (Southern French Alps) from in situ-produced³⁶Cl cosmogenic nuclide dating: Tectonic and climatic implications