Late Quaternary paleoceanography in the Fram Strait

Hebbeln, Dierk; Wefer, Gerold

doi:10.1029/96pa02753

Cited by 83 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Therefore, weaker Arctic Ocean density stratification together with an ice sheet covering the Barents Sea in the Saalian period could result in Atlantic water being restricted to the Eurasian Basin. This conceptual model, in which Atlantic water inflow persists, perhaps episodically, during glacial periods but is restricted to the Eurasian Basin is in agreement with evidence for Atlantic water inflow to the Norwegian-Greenland Sea and through the Fram Strait reported at 145, 165 and 180 ka (Hebbeln and Wefer, 1997;Lloyd et al, 1996). Furthermore, interpretations based on the occurrence of warm-water dinoflagellate cysts, benthic foraminifera and the abundance of biogenic calcite, indicate penetration of warm Atlantic waters to the northern Barents Sea margin, at least to the Franz Victoria Trough, during the later part of MIS 6, MIS 3 and MIS 2 (Knies et al, 2000;Knies and Stein, 1999;Matthiessen and Knies, 2001).…”

Section: The Role Of the Atlantic Water Influx And The Arctic Ocean Csupporting

confidence: 64%

An Arctic Ocean ice shelf during MIS 6 constrained by new geophysical and geological data

Nilsson

O’Regan

Backman

et al. 2010

Quaternary Science Reviews

115

118

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a b s t r a c tThe hypothesis of floating ice shelves covering the Arctic Ocean during glacial periods was developed in the 1970s. In its most extreme form, this theory involved a 1000 m thick continuous ice shelf covering the Arctic Ocean during Quaternary glacial maxima including the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). While recent observations clearly demonstrate deep ice grounding events in the central Arctic Ocean, the ice shelf hypothesis has been difficult to evaluate due to a lack of information from key areas with severe sea ice conditions. Here we present new data from previously inaccessible, unmapped areas that constrain the spatial extent and timing of marine ice sheets during past glacials. These data include multibeam swath bathymetry and subbottom profiles portraying glaciogenic features on the Chukchi Borderland, southern Lomonosov Ridge north of Greenland, Morris Jesup Rise, and Yermak Plateau. Sediment cores from the mapped areas provide age constraints on the glaciogenic features. Combining these new geophysical and geological data with earlier results suggests that an especially extensive marine ice sheet complex, including an ice shelf, existed in the Amerasian Arctic Ocean during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 6. From a conceptual oceanographic model we speculate that the cold halocline of the Polar Surface Water may have extended to deeper water depths during MIS 6 inhibiting the warm Atlantic water from reaching the Amerasian Arctic Ocean and, thus, creating favorable conditions for ice shelf development. The hypothesis of a continuous 1000 m thick ice shelf is rejected because our mapping results show that several areas in the central Arctic Ocean substantially shallower than 1000 m water depth are free from glacial influence on the seafloor.

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Section: The Role Of the Atlantic Water Influx And The Arctic Ocean Csupporting

confidence: 64%

An Arctic Ocean ice shelf during MIS 6 constrained by new geophysical and geological data

Nilsson

O’Regan

Backman

et al. 2010

Quaternary Science Reviews

115

118

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Seasonally open waters (leads in the ice) are thought to have been continually present in portions of the Arctic throughout the last two glacial-interglacial cycles, albeit to a lesser degree during glacial periods (Hebbeln and Wefer, 1997;Lloyd et al, 1996;Spielhagen et al, 2004;Knies and Spielhagen, 2016). Such open waters may have provided an important moisture source for ice growth in Eurasia (Spielhagen et al, 2004).…”

Section: The Global D 18 O:sea-level/ice-volume Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences between the last two glacial maxima and implications for ice-sheet, δ18O, and sea-level reconstructions

Rohling

Hibbert

Williams

et al. 2017

Quaternary Science Reviews

100

115

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Arctic ice shelf Last Interglacial Glacioisostatic adjustment a b s t r a c t Studies of past glacial cycles yield critical information about climate and sea-level (ice-volume) variability, including the sensitivity of climate to radiative change, and impacts of crustal rebound on sealevel reconstructions for past interglacials. Here we identify significant differences between the last and penultimate glacial maxima (LGM and PGM) in terms of global volume and distribution of land ice, despite similar temperatures and radiative forcing. Our analysis challenges conventional views of relationships between global ice volume, sea level, seawater oxygen isotope values, and deep-sea temperature, and supports the potential presence of large floating Arctic ice shelves during the PGM. The existence of different glacial 'modes' calls for focussed research on the complex processes behind ice-age development. We present a glacioisostatic assessment to demonstrate how a different PGM ice-sheet configuration might affect sea-level estimates for the last interglacial. Results suggest that this may alter existing last interglacial sea-level estimates, which often use an LGM-like ice configuration, by several metres (likely upward).

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“…Ž et al, 1999 , as well as in the Fram Strait Gard, . 1987;Hebbeln and Wefer, 1997 . In the central Arctic Ocean, however, MIS 4 is interpreted as a peak glacial period with low seasonal variations in sea-ice coverage and diminished planktonic produc-Ž .…”

Section: Glacialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…North Atlantic e.g., Oppo and Lehman, 1995 and Ž . 2 the seasonal melting of sea-ice caused by intensive inflow of Atlantic water results in distinct changes of the surface albedo, the energy balance, the moisture supply and thus the ocean-ice-atmo-Ž sphere interaction e.g., Hibler, 1989;Carmack et al, . 1995 . Recently, a few studies documented the connection between the build-up and decay of the BarentsrKara Sea ice-sheets, the outflow of associated meltwater discharge to the central Arctic Ocean, and the inflow of Atlantic water during the last Ž glacialrinterglacial cycle e.g., Hebbeln and Wefer, 1997;Nørgaard-Pedersen et al, 1998;Knies et al, . Ž .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A multiproxy approach to reconstruct the environmental changes along the Eurasian continental margin over the last 150 000 years

et al. 2000

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Late Quaternary paleoceanography in the Fram Strait

Cited by 83 publications

References 66 publications

An Arctic Ocean ice shelf during MIS 6 constrained by new geophysical and geological data

An Arctic Ocean ice shelf during MIS 6 constrained by new geophysical and geological data

Differences between the last two glacial maxima and implications for ice-sheet, δ18O, and sea-level reconstructions

A multiproxy approach to reconstruct the environmental changes along the Eurasian continental margin over the last 150 000 years

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