Late Quaternary mass-wasting records and formation of fan terraces in the Chen-yeo-lan and Lao-nung catchments, central-southern Taiwan

Hsieh, Meng-Long; Chyi, Shyh-Jeng

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.10.002

Cited by 36 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The fact that there have not been great debris flows after the observed early Holocene event suggests that it takes more than several thousand years for weathering processes to sufficiently weaken the volcanic rock mass and re-generate loose debris in the catchments contributing to the studied systems. The connotation that the magnitude of mass-wasting events, or the size of the resulting fan terraces, is inversely related to its frequency is consistent with observations in western Taiwan (Hsieh and Chyi, 2010).…”

Section: Implications On the Evolution Of The Coastal Rangesupporting

confidence: 82%

“…In fact, fan terraces dated early Holocene and as large as the Changpin/Tu-lan systems are not restricted to the Hua-tung coast. In western Taiwan, such a fan-terrace system, named Hsin-shung, has been found in the Chen-yeo-lan catchment (Hsieh and Chyi, 2010). The Hsin-shung is the largest fan-terrace system in western Taiwan.…”

Section: Climatic Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Hsin-shung is the largest fan-terrace system in western Taiwan. It is created jointly by four tributaries of the Chen-yeo-lan River, extends for 7 km along the trunk river, and comprises fluvial/debris-flow gravel as thick as 150 m. Multiple dates have been derived from this system, ranging from 10.8 to 8.9 ka cal BP (clustering at 9.5-8.9 ka cal BP) (Hsieh and Chyi, 2010). Located in a different morpho-tectonic division, the Hsin-shung system was unlikely to result from earthquakes occurring on the Hua-tung coast.…”

Section: Climatic Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mass-wasting events such as these generally last only a few years with the subsequent decrease in sediment load leading to incision, leaving the previously created fans as terraces (or fan terraces). Pre-historical fan terraces, underlain by diamict gravels up to 200 m thick, are also commonly observed in Taiwanese mountains (Hsieh and Chyi, 2010). Studies of these terraces and sediments, which record the histories of ancient mass-wasting events, are of geomorphological significance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early Holocene catastrophic mass-wasting event and fan-delta development on the Hua-tung coast, eastern Taiwan

2011

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Section: Implications On the Evolution Of The Coastal Rangesupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Climatic Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Climatic Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early Holocene catastrophic mass-wasting event and fan-delta development on the Hua-tung coast, eastern Taiwan

2011

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“…In the T'aimali catchment, many headwater streams were still clogged with sediment 6 years after Typhoon Morakot, and large colluvial fans had formed below several landslide-dominated tributaries. Elsewhere in Taiwan, mountain valleys contain large colluvial terraces, which have formed hundreds to thousands of years ago (Hsieh and Chyi, 2010). This implies that timescales of pyrite depletion and of debris removal must both be considered in further explorations of the links between erosion and weathering in Taiwan.…”

Section: Landsliding and The Weathering Of Labile Mineralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidation of sulfides and rapid weathering in recent landslides

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Linking together the processes of rapid physical erosion and the resultant chemical dissolution of rock is a crucial step in building an overall deterministic understanding of weathering in mountain belts. Landslides, which are the most volumetrically important geomorphic process at these high rates of erosion, can generate extremely high rates of very localised weathering. To elucidate how this process works we have taken advantage of uniquely intense landsliding, resulting from Typhoon Morakot, in the T'aimali River and surrounds in southern Taiwan. Combining detailed analysis of landslide seepage chemistry with estimates of catchment-bycatchment landslide volumes, we demonstrate that in this setting the primary role of landslides is to introduce fresh, highly labile mineral phases into the surface weathering environment. There, rapid weathering is driven by the oxidation of pyrite and the resultant sulfuric-acid-driven dissolution of primarily carbonate rock. The total dissolved load correlates well with dissolved sulfate -the chief product of this style of weathering -in both landslides and streams draining the area (R 2 = 0.841 and 0.929 respectively; p < 0.001 in both cases), with solute chemistry in seepage from landslides and catchments affected by significant landsliding governed by the same weathering reactions. The predominance of coupled carbonate-sulfuric-acid-driven weathering is the key difference between these sites and previously studied landslides in New Zealand (Emberson et al., 2016), but in both settings increasing volumes of landslides drive greater overall solute concentrations in streams.Bedrock landslides, by excavating deep below saprolite-rock interfaces, create conditions for weathering in which all mineral phases in a lithology are initially unweathered within landslide deposits. As a result, the most labile phases dominate the weathering immediately after mobilisation and during a transient period of depletion. This mode of dissolution can strongly alter the overall output of solutes from catchments and their contribution to global chemical cycles if landslide-derived material is retained in catchments for extended periods after mass wasting.

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Strengthening of paleo‐typhoon and autumn rainfall in Taiwan corresponding to the Southern Oscillation at late Holocene

Chen

Wen

Song

et al. 2012

J Quaternary Science

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The purpose of this study is to improve prehistoric knowledge of paleo‐typhoon and winter monsoon activity in the western North Pacific after 8 cal. ka BP. We examine two sediment cores derived from lakes located to the south and north of the Ilan Plain in northeastern Taiwan. Seasonal and typhoon rainfall data over the past several decades are collected for this study region. We also use mineral indicators, K/Rb ratios and grain size to estimate sediment sources, intensity of chemical weathering and rainfall intensity. The results show that the chemical weathering index (K/Rb ratio) of Meihua Lake indicates the continuing effects of autumn rainfall, while coarse grain sizes of Dahu Lake sediments suggest increased intensity in typhoon rainfall. Grain size results reveal that increasing El Niño–Southern Oscillation intensity in the tropical Pacific has intensified the activity of super typhoons in the western North Pacific. Finally, we find that frequent activity of super paleo‐typhoons occurred in Taiwan during the La Niña‐like state, and the strengthening winter monsoon activity and higher sea surface temperature enhanced plentiful autumn rainfall in El Niño‐like state. After comparing our results with the paleo‐typhoon data in Japan and south China, we suggest that the tracks of super typhoon are mainly affected by variations in the warm pool and subtropical Northwestern Pacific High in the western Pacific. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Late Quaternary mass-wasting records and formation of fan terraces in the Chen-yeo-lan and Lao-nung catchments, central-southern Taiwan

Cited by 36 publications

References 15 publications

Early Holocene catastrophic mass-wasting event and fan-delta development on the Hua-tung coast, eastern Taiwan

Early Holocene catastrophic mass-wasting event and fan-delta development on the Hua-tung coast, eastern Taiwan

Oxidation of sulfides and rapid weathering in recent landslides

Strengthening of paleo‐typhoon and autumn rainfall in Taiwan corresponding to the Southern Oscillation at late Holocene

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